On December 10, 2019 Vedanta Biosciences, Inc. (Vedanta Biosciences, Vedanta or the Company), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing a new category of therapies for immune-mediated diseases based on defined bacterial consortia, reported the initiation of a first-in-patient clinical study of VE800 in combination with Bristol-Myers Squibb’s programmed death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor Opdivo (nivolumab) in patients with select types of advanced or metastatic cancer (Press release, Vedanta Biosciences, DEC 10, 2019, View Source [SID1234552202]). Vedanta also announced the formation of its Immuno-Oncology Scientific Advisory Board (SAB), which is comprised of experts in immunology, immuno-oncology and the microbiome, to support the planned clinical development of VE800.

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The study, which is being conducted at clinical centers in the United States, will evaluate the safety and tolerability and clinical activity of VE800 in combination with Opdivo, as measured by the confirmed overall response rate, in addition to other parameters. The open-label, non-randomized study will target enrollment of over 100 patients diagnosed with advanced or metastatic melanoma, gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, or microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer. Eligible patients will receive daily VE800 dosing in combination with Opdivo. Topline results are anticipated in 2021.

"Despite unprecedented global investment in checkpoint inhibitors, there is still a major need for differentiated approaches to further enhance and expand responses in cancer," said Bernat Olle, Ph.D., co-founder and chief executive officer of Vedanta Biosciences. "The role the gut microbiota plays in influencing responses to immunotherapies has been ignored by previous approaches, so we are excited about the potential of microbiome modulation to open up an entirely new approach to cancer therapy."

VE800 is made up of 11 commensal bacterial strains that act in concert to activate cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, which are the vanguard of the immune system’s response to tumors and thus a key driver of effective immunotherapies. In preclinical studies, VE800 has been shown to enhance the ability of these T cells to infiltrate tumors, thereby promoting suppression of tumor growth and potentially enhancing survival. Preclinical data also suggest that VE800 may enhance the effects of checkpoint inhibitors.

Foundational work demonstrating VE800’s novel anti-tumor activity and cooperatively potentiated responses to checkpoint inhibitor therapies and various immune challenges was published in Nature by Vedanta and its scientific co-founder Kenya Honda, M.D., Ph.D., of Keio University School of Medicine. The research also showed that mice colonized with VE800 demonstrated enhanced therapeutic efficacy in a range of tumor models when VE800 was administered in conjunction with PD-1 or CTLA4 immune checkpoint inhibitors.

"The ability of bacterial consortia to mediate immune activity, including potential anti-cancer activity, is an exciting area for investigation in indications with some of the highest unmet medical need," said Hassane M. Zarour, M.D., co-leader of the Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program of the Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, and a member of Vedanta’s newly formed Immuno-Oncology SAB. "We see enormous potential for this class of drugs to improve cancer patients’ outcomes."

Vedanta’s newly announced Immuno-Oncology SAB will work closely with the Company’s scientific co-founders and leadership to further support the clinical development of VE800. The SAB includes:

Antoni Ribas, M.D., Ph.D.is a leading translational and clinical researcher in immuno-oncology with a focus on malignant melanoma. He is a professor of medicine, surgery and molecular and medical pharmacology at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), director of the tumor immunology program at the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, director of the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy Center at UCLA, chair of the Melanoma Committee at SWOG and president-elect 2019-2020 of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper).
Josep Tabernero, M.D., Ph.D. is a researcher focused on gastrointestinal cancers and cancer genetics. At Vall D’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), he is director of clinical research, co-director of the research unit for molecular therapy of cancer, head of the gastrointestinal and endocrine tumors group, and head of the medical oncology department of Vall d’Hebron University Hospital. He is also president of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) (Free ESMO Whitepaper).
Hassane Zarour, M.D. is a researcher with expertise in melanoma and skin lesions, immunotherapy and cancer vaccines. At the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, he is a professor of medicine, immunology and dermatology, co-leader of the melanoma program and the James W. and Frances G. McGlothlin chair in melanoma immunotherapy research.
Diwakar Davar, MBBS, M.Sc. is a leader in microbiome science and using the microbiome to treat melanoma. He is an assistant professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.
Bertrand Routy, M.D., Ph.D. is recognized as one of the first researchers to demonstrate the negative impact of antibiotics and the microbiome on the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitor therapy. He is an assistant professor of hematology-oncology and director of the laboratory of immunotherapy / oncomicrobiome at the Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM).
Dan Littman, M.D., Ph.D. is a scientific co-founder of Vedanta and a leader in T cell biology, including differentiation and lineage specification. He is the Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel professor of molecular immunology and pathology and professor in the department of microbiology at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine at New York University Langone School of Medicine.
Sasha Rudensky, Ph.D. is a scientific co-founder of Vedanta and a leader in molecular mechanisms of CD4 T cell differentiation, particularly regulatory T cells. He is chair of the immunology program at Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) and director of the Ludwig Center at Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK).
About VE800

VE800 is Vedanta Biosciences’ proprietary, orally administered immuno-oncology product candidate. It is produced from pure, non-pathogenic clonal bacterial cell banks, which yield a standardized drug product in powdered form. VE800 consists of a rationally-defined bacterial consortium of 11 commensal strains that, acting in concert, activate cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, a type of white blood cell that is the predominant effector in cancer immunotherapy. In preclinical studies, VE800 has been shown to enhance the ability of these T cells to infiltrate tumors, thereby promoting suppression of tumor growth and enhancing survival. Preclinical data also suggest that VE800 may enhance the effects of checkpoint inhibitors. Vedanta is evaluating VE800 as a potential treatment for patients with advanced or metastatic cancers.