On April 30, 2015 OncoGenex Pharmaceuticals reported it has filed an amendment with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, as well as initiated filing with regulatory agencies in other countries, to amend the statistical design and analysis plan of its pivotal, international Phase 3 ENSPIRIT trial evaluating custirsen in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (Press release, OncoGenex Pharmaceuticals, APR 30, 2015, View Source [SID:1234503226]). OncoGenex recently regained the rights to the investigational compound from Teva Pharmaceuticals Ltd. and is currently in the process of assuming sponsorship for all clinical development related to custirsen. Schedule your 30 min Free 1stOncology Demo! The protocol amendment is designed to reduce the number of required patients enrolled in the trial and include an earlier, more rigorous second interim futility analysis. The protocol will now also include additional analyses, specifically an evaluation of overall survival (OS) by patient histology, as well as the effect of custirsen’s efficacy among patients with poor prognostic risk factors. These changes do not affect the criteria for enrollment or conduct of the study, which continues to accrue patients. Enrollment is expected to be completed in the second half of 2016. Know more, wherever you are: "The majority of people with NSCLC do not have specific genetic mutations that will respond to targeted therapy. New treatment options like custirsen, added to standard of care chemotherapy, are urgently needed for patients to control their cancer once it has progressed," said Cindy Jacobs, PhD, MD, Chief Medical Officer and Executive Vice President of OncoGenex. "We believe these rigorous protocol changes reflect the most responsible course of action for these patients, who unfortunately do not have the gift of time. These changes will provide the critical information we need to more quickly understand custirsen’s activity and guide future development plans."
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Under the revised protocol, the following changes include:
A reduced sample size: Changes to trial sample size were based on revising the hypothesized hazard ratio to 0.75 instead of 0.80, resulting in a sample size of 700 patients instead of 1,100. This change maintains a power of 90% while assessing for a more clinically meaningful difference.
Revised timing of second survival futility analysis: The second analysis will now take place when 40% of events occur, instead of the original 50%. As previously reported, OncoGenex expects this to occur in mid-2015. An Independent Data Monitoring Committee recommended the ENSPIRIT trial continue based on the outcome of the first interim futility analysis in August 2014. Trial results will remain blinded to the Independent Data Monitoring Committee and OncoGenex, as the sponsor, unless futility is observed.
Additional analyses: An evaluation of OS by patient histology, and the effect of custirsen’s efficacy among patients with varying risk factors and disease parameters, will now be conducted.
"These protocol changes will provide us with a more expedient path to assess custirsen’s potential survival benefit," said Scott Cormack, President and CEO of OncoGenex. "Reducing the sample size of the trial will enable us to evaluate the potential of custirsen in an earlier timeframe, hopefully accelerating the path to regulatory review and potential availability. We believe these are important steps in our efforts to give patients with advanced NSCLC more choices when their initial treatments fail."
Conference Call Details
OncoGenex will host a conference call at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time today, Thursday, April 30, 2015, to provide an overview of today’s announcement. A live event will be available on the Investor Relations section of the OncoGenex website at www.OncoGenex.com. Alternatively, you may access the live conference call by dialing (877) 606-1416 (U.S. & Canada) or (707) 287-9313 (International). A webcast replay will be available approximately two hours after the call and will be archived on www.OncoGenex.com for 90 days.
About the Phase 3 ENSPIRIT Trial
The Phase 3 ENSPIRIT trial is an international, randomized, open-label trial designed to evaluate custirsen for the treatment of advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in 700 patients who have progressed after initial chemotherapy treatment. The trial will investigate if combining custirsen with docetaxel, a standard second-line NSCLC chemotherapy, has the potential to improve survival outcomes compared to docetaxel alone in these patients. The trial is expected to enroll patients at approximately 50 sites globally. For more information on the ENSPIRIT trial, please visit View Source
Custirsen is also being evaluated in the ongoing Phase 3 AFFINITY trial with second-line chemotherapy in men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. After regaining development control of custirsen, and based on the improved survival benefit observed in poor prognostic patients treated with custirsen in the completed Phase 3 SYNERGY trial, OncoGenex plans to seek regulatory guidance regarding amendments to the AFFINITY protocol.
About Custirsen
Custirsen is an experimental drug that is designed to block the production of the protein clusterin, which may play a fundamental role in cancer cell survival and treatment resistance. Clusterin is upregulated in tumor cells in response to treatment interventions such as chemotherapy, hormone ablation and radiation therapy and has been found to be overexpressed in a number of cancers, including prostate, lung, breast and bladder. Increased clusterin production has been linked to faster rates of cancer progression, treatment resistance and shorter survival duration. By inhibiting clusterin, custirsen is designed to alter tumor dynamics, slowing tumor growth and resistance to partner treatments, so that the benefits of therapy, including survival, may be extended.
Custirsen has Fast Track designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for NSCLC and metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer.
Samsung Pharm received an approval of RIAVAX™’s marketing and manufacturing in Korea, new opportunities for domestic patients
On April 29, 2015 GemVax reported that its pancreatic cancer immunity drug, Liabax (codename GV1001), received final marketing approval from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety from Samsung Pharmaceutical (Press release, Karmanos Cancer Institute, AUG 14, 2020, View Source [SID1234563669]).
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In September last year, Liabax was approved for the 21st new drug as an anticancer drug for pancreatic cancer from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. As a result, the world’s first pancreatic cancer immune anticancer drug was first released in Korea, and new treatment opportunities were created for Korean pancreatic cancer patients.
Ria Bax weeks ‘ destroy cancer cells by maximizing the autoimmune pancreatic cancer patients , a new concept anticancer drugs to prolong the survival of existing chemotherapeutic agents when administered in combination with a cancer patient . Liabax has proven its safety and efficacy by conducting more than 10 clinical trials in 10 European regions including the UK and Norway, as well as Australia and the United States, which could be a breakthrough alternative to the treatment of pancreatic cancer with a low survival rate of 8% . It is expected .
Leah is a gem backstage backstage with Samsung constraints are expected to rush to the hospital full distribution procedures for careful prescribing , revenue this year, three are expected to be in earnest quarter .
In recent years, the development of immunological drugs in anticancer treatment is becoming the mainstream worldwide . Experts predict that immunotherapy offers the possibility of chronic treatment in chemotherapy , and pharmaceutical companies are also taking the development of anticancer drugs using the immune system as an important task .
Geumbeon attention as Patria backstage backstage GEM domestic market was the first to naedinge the first step in cancer immunotherapy market , Liao backstage CAUTION expanded indications is of course also enter motivation accelerate global expansion .
Gem gimsangjae Diamondbacks CEO " Ria Bax is expected to be helpful for domestic patients suffering from pancreatic cancer as the primary market very pleased ." He said , " Ria Bax national attention as one to achieve the first objective of market , the next step Ria Bax care abroad, even accelerating , in addition to be able to perform well in overseas areas of the existing product lineup of Samsung Pharmaceuticals I will try ." Said.
10-Q – Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]
Celldex Therapeutics has filed a 10-Q – Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)] with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (Filing, 10-Q, Celldex Therapeutics, APR 29, 2015, View Source [SID1234503205]).
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Vertex Reports First Quarter 2015 Financial Results
On April 29, 2015 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (Nasdaq: VRTX) reported consolidated financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2015 (Filing, Q1, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, APR 29, 2015, View Source [SID:1234506609]). Vertex also reiterated its financial guidance for total 2015 KALYDECO revenues and non-GAAP operating expenses.
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"We continue to make significant progress toward our goals of bringing new medicines to more people with CF and positioning the company for long-term growth," said Jeffrey Leiden, M.D., Ph.D., Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Vertex. "The number of people eligible for Kalydeco continues to increase with both geographic and label expansion, and we are also preparing for the potential launch of Orkambi, which we announced today as the proposed tradename for the combination of lumacaftor and ivacaftor. Our New Drug Application for Orkambi is currently under review by the FDA, and if approved, Orkambi would be the first medicine to treat the underlying cause of CF for eligible patients ages 12 and older with two copies of the F508del mutation – some 8,500 people in the U.S."
First Quarter 2015 Non-GAAP Financial Results
The non-GAAP financial results for the first quarter 2015 and first quarter 2014 exclude stock-based compensation expense, costs related to the relocation of the company’s corporate headquarters, hepatitis C-related revenues and costs and other adjustments.
Total Non-GAAP Revenues: Total non-GAAP revenues for the first quarter of 2015 were $135.4 million, including $130.2 million in net product revenues from KALYDECO and $5.3 million from royalty revenues.
Net Product Revenues from KALYDECO: Vertex’s first quarter 2015 net product revenues from KALYDECO were $130.2 million compared to $99.5 million for the first quarter of 2014. The increased KALYDECO net product revenues, compared to the first quarter of 2014, resulted primarily from additional people being treated with KALYDECO in both U.S. and ex-U.S. markets.
Non-GAAP Cost of Product Revenues and Royalty Expenses (COR): Total combined non-GAAP COR expenses for the first quarter of 2015 were $10.7 million, compared to $9.6 million for the first quarter of 2014.
Non-GAAP Research and Development (R&D) Expenses and Sales, General and Administrative (SG&A) Expenses: Total combined non-GAAP R&D and SG&A expenses for the first quarter of 2015 were $246.3 million, compared to $233.9 million for the first quarter of 2014. The components include:
R&D Expenses: Non-GAAP R&D expenses were $177.2 million for the first quarter of 2015, compared to $181.5 million in non-GAAP R&D expenses for the first quarter of 2014. The R&D expenses for the first quarter of 2015 were similar to the first quarter of 2014 as a result of the completion of the Phase 3 program for the combination of lumacaftor and ivacaftor in the first half of 2014, offset by increased costs related to the initiation of the pivotal Phase 3 program for VX-661 in combination with ivacaftor in the first quarter of 2015.
SG&A Expenses: Non-GAAP SG&A expenses were $69.1 million for the first quarter of 2015, compared to $52.4 million in non-GAAP SG&A expenses for the first quarter of 2014. This increase was primarily the result of increased investment in global commercial support for the planned launch of ORKAMBI (lumacaftor/ivacaftor).
Non-GAAP Net Loss Attributable to Vertex: Vertex’s first quarter 2015 non-GAAP net loss was $148.4 million, or $0.62 per diluted share, compared to a non-GAAP net loss of $151.4 million, or $0.65 per diluted share, for the first quarter of 2014. The non-GAAP net loss for the first quarter of 2015 was similar to the first quarter of 2014 as a result of increased KALYDECO product revenues, offset by increased operating expenses and interest expense.
Cash Position at March 31, 2015
As of March 31, 2015, Vertex had $1.2 billion in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities compared to $1.4 billion in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of December 31, 2014. As of March 31, 2015, Vertex had $300 million outstanding from a credit agreement that provides for a secured loan of up to $500 million.
2015 Financial Guidance
This section contains forward-looking guidance about the financial outlook for Vertex.
Vertex today reiterated its financial guidance for total 2015 KALYDECO revenues and non-GAAP operating expenses:
KALYDECO Net Revenues: Vertex expects KALYDECO net revenues of $560 to $580 million for 2015.
Non-GAAP R&D and SG&A Expenses: Vertex expects that its combined non-GAAP R&D and SG&A expenses in 2015 will be in the range of $1.05 to $1.10 billion.
Vertex’s expected combined non-GAAP R&D and SG&A expenses exclude stock-based compensation expense and certain other expenses recorded in 2015.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In this press release, Vertex’s financial results and financial guidance are provided in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) and using certain non-GAAP financial measures. In particular, non-GAAP financial results exclude stock-based compensation expense, costs related to the relocation of the company’s corporate headquarters, hepatitis C-related revenues and costs and other adjustments. These results are provided as a complement to results provided in accordance with GAAP because management believes these non-GAAP financial measures help indicate underlying trends in the company’s business, are important in comparing current results with prior period results and provide additional information regarding the company’s financial position. Management also uses these non-GAAP financial measures to establish budgets and operational goals that are communicated internally and externally and to manage the company’s business and to evaluate its performance. A reconciliation of the GAAP financial results to non-GAAP financial results is included in the attached financial information.
First Quarter 2015 GAAP Financial Results
Total Revenues: Total revenues for the first quarter of 2015 were $138.5 million compared with $118.5 million in total revenues for the first quarter of 2014. First quarter 2015 revenues were comprised primarily of $130.2 million in KALYDECO net product revenues and an aggregate of $8.3 million in net product revenues from INCIVEK, royalty revenues and collaborative revenues. For the first quarter of 2014, Vertex reported $99.5 million in net product revenues from KALYDECO and an aggregate of $18.9 million in net product revenues from INCIVEK, royalty revenues and collaborative revenues.
Operating Costs and Expenses: Total operating costs and expenses for the first quarter of 2015 were $310.5 million, including certain charges of $53.5 million, compared to $334.5 million for the first quarter of 2014, including certain charges of $91.0 million. GAAP operating costs and expenses include:
COR Expenses: COR expenses were $12.3 million for the first quarter of 2015, including $1.6 million of certain charges, compared to $15.5 million for the first quarter of 2014, including $5.9 million of certain charges.
R&D Expenses: R&D expenses were $215.6 million for the first quarter of 2015, including $38.4 million of certain charges, compared to $238.6 million for the first quarter of 2014, including $57.1 million of certain charges.
SG&A Expenses: SG&A expenses were $85.9 million for the first quarter of 2015, including $16.7 million of certain charges, compared to $74.2 million for the first quarter of 2014, including $21.8 million of certain charges.
Net Loss Attributable to Vertex: Vertex’s first quarter 2015 net loss was $198.6 million, or $0.83 per diluted share, including net charges of $50.2 million. Vertex’s first quarter 2014 net loss was $232.5 million, or $1.00 per diluted share, including net charges of $81.1 million.
Note 1: For the three months ended March 31, 2014, the company presents the effect of its relationship with Alios, which it consolidated as a variable interest entity from June 2011 to December 2013, as discontinued operations attributable to Vertex in its condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Note 2: In the three months ended March 31, 2015, "Real estate restructuring costs" consisted of restructuring credits of $3.6 million primarily related to the company’s relocation from Cambridge to Boston, Massachusetts. In the three months ended March 31, 2014, "Real estate restructuring costs" consisted of (i) transition costs related to the company’s relocation that were recorded as R&D and SG&A, and (ii) restructuring charges related to this relocation.
Note 3: In the three months ended March 31, 2015, "HCV related revenues and costs" consisted of (i) $0.7 million net product revenues from INCIVEK, (ii) $1.5 million royalty revenues from INCIVO, (iii) $0.6 million HCV collaborative revenues, (iv) $1.6 million COR expenses, (v) R&D and SG&A credits (including the pharma fee) and (vi) $0.2 million restructuring expenses. In the three months ended March 31, 2014, "HCV related revenues and costs" included in the company’s loss from continuing operations consisted of (1) $3.9 million net product revenues from INCIVEK, (2) $4.9 million royalty revenues from INCIVO, (3) $1.4 million HCV collaborative revenues, (4) $0.7 million and $5.2 million costs of product revenues and royalty revenues related to INCIVEK and INCIVO, respectively, (5) R&D and SG&A expenses (including the pharma fee) and (6) $0.6 million restructuring expenses.
Note 4: In each of the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2015, "Other adjustments" consisted of development cost associated with VX-509. In addition, in the three months ended March 31, 2015, "Other adjustments" included amounts related to a variable interest entity.
Note 5: In each of the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2015, the company excludes from its non-GAAP loss attributable to Vertex restructuring (income) expenses. In addition, in the three months ended March 31, 2014 discontinued operations are excluded from its non-GAAP loss attributable to Vertex.
INDICATION AND IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION FOR KALYDECO (ivacaftor)
Ivacaftor is a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulatory (CFTR) potentiator indicated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF). In the U.S. (in patients age 2 years and older) and Europe (in patients age 6 years and older), ivacaftor is indicated for patients who have one of the following mutations in the CFTR gene: G551D, G1244E, G1349D, G178R, G551S, S1251N, S1255P, S549N, or S549R. In Canada (in patients 6 years and older), ivacaftor is indicated for patients with these same mutations and also for patients with the G970R mutation. Additionally, in the U.S. (in patients age 2 years and older) and Canada (in patients age 18 years and older) ivacaftor is indicated for the treatment of CF in patients who have an R117H mutation in the CFTR gene.
Ivacaftor is available as 150 mg tablets in countries where it is approved for patients age 6 years and older, and additionally in the U.S. as 50 mg and 75 mg oral granules for patients age 2 to less than 6 years.
Ivacaftor is not effective in patients with CF with 2 copies of the F508del mutation (F508del/F508del) in the CFTR gene. The safety and efficacy of ivacaftor in children with CF younger than 2 years of age have not been studied. The use of ivacaftor in children under the age of 2 years is not recommended.
High liver enzymes (transaminases; ALT and AST) have been reported in patients with CF receiving ivacaftor. Transaminase elevations were more common in patients with a history of transaminase elevations or in patients who had abnormal transaminases at baseline. It is recommended that ALT and AST be assessed prior to initiating ivacaftor, every 3 months during the first year of treatment, and annually thereafter. For patients with a history of transaminase elevations, more frequent monitoring of liver function tests should be considered. Patients who develop increased transaminase levels should be closely monitored until the abnormalities resolve. Dosing should be interrupted in patients with ALT or AST of greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal. Following resolution of transaminase elevations, consider the benefits and risks of resuming ivacaftor dosing.
Use of ivacaftor with medicines that are strong CYP3A inducers, such as the antibiotics rifampin and rifabutin; seizure medications (phenobarbital, carbamazepine, or phenytoin); and the herbal supplement St. John’s wort, substantially decreases exposure of ivacaftor and may diminish effectiveness. Therefore, co-administration is not recommended. The dose of ivacaftor must be adjusted when used concomitantly with strong and moderate CYP3A inhibitors or when used in patients with moderate or severe hepatic disease.
Cases of non-congenital lens opacities/cataracts have been reported in pediatric patients treated with ivacaftor. Baseline and follow-up ophthalmological examinations are recommended in pediatric patients initiating ivacaftor treatment.
Serious adverse reactions that occurred more frequently with ivacaftor included abdominal pain, increased liver enzymes, and low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). The most common side effects associated with ivacaftor include headache; upper respiratory tract infection (common cold), including sore throat, nasal or sinus congestion, and runny nose; stomach (abdominal) pain; diarrhea; rash; nausea; and dizziness. These are not all the possible side effects of ivacaftor. A list of the adverse reactions can be found in the product labeling for each country where ivacaftor is approved. Patients should tell their healthcare providers about any side effect that bothers them or does not go away.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration Accepts Supplemental Biologics License Application for Opdivo (nivolumab) in Patients with Previously Untreated Advanced Melanoma
On April 29, 2015 Bristol-Myers Squibb reported that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted for filing and review the supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) for Opdivo (nivolumab) for the treatment of previously untreated patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma (Press release, Bristol-Myers Squibb, APR 29, 2015, View Source [SID:1234503222]). The FDA also granted Priority Review for this application. The projected FDA action date is August 27, 2015. Schedule your 30 min Free 1stOncology Demo! Opdivo was first approved by the FDA in December 2014 for patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma and disease progression following Yervoy (ipilimumab) and, if BRAF V600 mutation positive, a BRAF inhibitor. This initial indication was approved under accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and durability of response from CheckMate -037 clinical trial results. This new sBLA accepted by the FDA includes data from CheckMate -066, which evaluated Opdivo in treatment naïve patients with BRAF wild-type advanced melanoma as compared to dacarbazine chemotherapy (DTIC). In the trial, safety and tolerability were well-characterized with fewer treatment-related Grade 3/4 adverse events observed with Opdivo than dacarbazine. Know more, wherever you are: "The CheckMate -066 trial marked the first time that a PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor showed a survival benefit in a randomized Phase III trial," said Michael Giordano, senior vice president, Head of Development, Oncology, Bristol-Myers Squibb. "We look forward to continuing to work with the FDA to ensure cancer patients are provided the latest clinical advances that have the potential for improved responses and long-term survival."
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About Advanced Melanoma
Melanoma is a form of skin cancer characterized by the uncontrolled growth of pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) located in the skin. Metastatic melanoma is the deadliest form of the disease, and occurs when cancer spreads beyond the surface of the skin to the other organs, such as the lymph nodes, lungs, brain or other areas of the body. The incidence of melanoma has been increasing for at least 30 years. In 2015, an estimated 73,870 melanoma cases will be diagnosed in the U.S. Melanoma is mostly curable when treated in its early stages. However, in its late stages, the average survival rate is just 6 months with a 1-year survival of 25.5%, making it one of the most aggressive forms of cancer.
About Opdivo
Opdivo is a programmed death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor that has received approval from the U.S. FDA as a monotherapy in two cancer indications. On March 5, 2015, Opdivo received FDA approval for the treatment of patients with metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with progression on or after platinum-based chemotherapy.
In the U.S., Opdivo is also indicated for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma and disease progression following Yervoy (ipilimumab) and, if BRAF V600 mutation positive, a BRAF inhibitor. This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and durability of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in the confirmatory trials. Opdivo became the first PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor to receive regulatory approval anywhere in the world on July 4, 2014 when Ono Pharmaceutical Co. announced that it received manufacturing and marketing approval in Japan for the treatment of patients with unresectable melanoma.
Bristol-Myers Squibb has a broad, global development program to study Opdivo in multiple tumor types consisting of more than 50 trials – as monotherapy or in combination with other therapies – in which more than 7,000 patients have been enrolled worldwide.
Immuno-Oncology at Bristol-Myers Squibb
Surgery, radiation, cytotoxic or targeted therapies have represented the mainstay of cancer treatment over the last several decades, but long-term survival and a positive quality of life have remained elusive for many patients with advanced disease.
To address this unmet medical need, Bristol-Myers Squibb is leading research in an innovative field of cancer research and treatment known as immuno-oncology, which involves agents whose primary mechanism is to work directly with the body’s immune system to fight cancer. The company is exploring a variety of compounds and immunotherapeutic approaches for patients with different types of cancer, including researching the potential of combining immuno-oncology agents that target different pathways in the treatment of cancer.
Bristol-Myers Squibb is committed to advancing the science of immuno-oncology, with the goal of changing survival expectations and the way patients live with cancer.
About the Bristol-Myers Squibb and Ono Pharmaceutical Collaboration
In 2011, through a collaboration agreement with Ono Pharmaceutical, Bristol-Myers Squibb expanded its territorial rights to develop and commercialize Opdivo globally except in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, where Ono had retained all rights to the compound at the time. On July 23, 2014, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Ono Pharmaceutical further expanded the companies’ strategic collaboration agreement to jointly develop and commercialize multiple immunotherapies – as single agents and combination regimens – for patients with cancer in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan.
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
Immune-Mediated Pneumonitis
Severe pneumonitis or interstitial lung disease, including fatal cases, occurred with OPDIVO treatment. Across the clinical trial experience in 691 patients with solid tumors, fatal immune-mediated pneumonitis occurred in 0.7% (5/691) of patients receiving OPDIVO; no cases occurred in Trial 1. In Trial 1, pneumonitis, including interstitial lung disease, occurred in 3.4% (9/268) of patients receiving OPDIVO and none of the 102 patients receiving chemotherapy. Immune-mediated pneumonitis occurred in 2.2% (6/268) of patients receiving OPDIVO; one with Grade 3 and five with Grade 2. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of pneumonitis. Administer corticosteroids for Grade 2 or greater pneumonitis. Permanently discontinue OPDIVO for Grade 3 or 4 and withhold OPDIVO until resolution for Grade 2.
Immune-Mediated Colitis
In Trial 1, diarrhea or colitis occurred in 21% (57/268) of patients receiving OPDIVO and 18% (18/102) of patients receiving chemotherapy. Immune-mediated colitis occurred in 2.2% (6/268) of patients receiving OPDIVO; five with Grade 3 and one with Grade 2. Monitor patients for immune-mediated colitis. Administer corticosteroids for Grade 2 (of more than 5 days duration), 3, or 4 colitis. Withhold OPDIVO for Grade 2 or 3. Permanently discontinue OPDIVO for Grade 4 colitis or recurrent colitis upon restarting OPDIVO.
Immune-Mediated Hepatitis
In Trial 1, there was an increased incidence of liver test abnormalities in the OPDIVO-treated group as compared to the chemotherapy-treated group, with increases in AST (28% vs 12%), alkaline phosphatase (22% vs 13%), ALT (16% vs 5%), and total bilirubin (9% vs 0). Immune-mediated hepatitis occurred in 1.1% (3/268) of patients receiving OPDIVO; two with Grade 3 and one with Grade 2. Monitor patients for abnormal liver tests prior to and periodically during treatment. Administer corticosteroids for Grade 2 or greater transaminase elevations. Withhold OPDIVO for Grade 2 and permanently discontinue OPDIVO for Grade 3 or 4 immune-mediated hepatitis.
Immune-Mediated Nephritis and Renal Dysfunction
In Trial 1, there was an increased incidence of elevated creatinine in the OPDIVO-treated group as compared to the chemotherapy-treated group (13% vs 9%). Grade 2 or 3 immune-mediated nephritis or renal dysfunction occurred in 0.7% (2/268) of patients. Monitor patients for elevated serum creatinine prior to and periodically during treatment. For Grade 2 or 3 serum creatinine elevation, withhold OPDIVO and administer corticosteroids; if worsening or no improvement occurs, permanently discontinue OPDIVO. Administer corticosteroids for Grade 4 serum creatinine elevation and permanently discontinue OPDIVO.
Immune-Mediated Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism
In Trial 1, Grade 1 or 2 hypothyroidism occurred in 8% (21/268) of patients receiving OPDIVO and none of the 102 patients receiving chemotherapy. Grade 1 or 2 hyperthyroidism occurred in 3% (8/268) of patients receiving OPDIVO and 1% (1/102) of patients receiving chemotherapy. Monitor thyroid function prior to and periodically during treatment. Administer hormone replacement therapy for hypothyroidism. Initiate medical management for control of hyperthyroidism.
Other Immune-Mediated Adverse Reactions
The following clinically significant, immune-mediated adverse reactions occurred in less than 2% of OPDIVO-treated patients: adrenal insufficiency, uveitis, pancreatitis, facial and abducens nerve paresis, demyelination, autoimmune neuropathy, motor dysfunction, and vasculitis. Across clinical trials of OPDIVO administered at doses 3 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, additional clinically significant, immune-mediated adverse reactions were identified: hypophysitis, diabetic ketoacidosis, hypopituitarism, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and myasthenic syndrome. Based on the severity of adverse reaction, withhold OPDIVO, administer high-dose corticosteroids, and, if appropriate, initiate hormone- replacement therapy.
Embryofetal Toxicity
Based on its mechanism of action, OPDIVO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with OPDIVO and for at least 5 months after the last dose of OPDIVO.
Lactation
It is not known whether OPDIVO is present in human milk. Because many drugs, including antibodies, are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from OPDIVO, advise women to discontinue breastfeeding during treatment.
Serious Adverse Reactions
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 41% of patients receiving OPDIVO. Grade 3 and 4 adverse reactions occurred in 42% of patients receiving OPDIVO. The most frequent Grade 3 and 4 adverse drug reactions reported in 2% to <5% of patients receiving OPDIVO were abdominal pain, hyponatremia, increased aspartate aminotransferase, and increased lipase.
Common Adverse Reactions
The most common adverse reaction (≥20%) reported with OPDIVO was rash (21%).
Please see US Full Prescribing Information for OPDIVO.