On September 6, 2016 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) Cyclacel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq:CYCC) (Nasdaq:CYCCP) ("Cyclacel" or the "Company"), a biopharmaceutical company developing oral therapies that target various phases of cell cycle control for the treatment of cancer and other serious disorders, reported the presentation of preclinical data demonstrating that both Cyclacel’s CYC065, a clinical stage, second generation, cyclin-dependent kinase CDK2/9 inhibitor, and CCT68127, a preclinical stage CDK2/9 inhibitor, prolong survival in MYCN-addicted neuroblastoma models (Press release, Cyclacel, SEP 6, 2016, View Source [SID:1234514936]). The data were presented at the Childhood Cancer Meeting, September 5 — 7th in London, UK.
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"This study adds to the growing evidence of the value of CDK inhibition as an approach to treating cancer. MYCN is an important therapeutic target in oncology and a major oncogenic driver of neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer. There are no approved drugs that act against MYCN or MYC proteins," said Spiro Rombotis, President and Chief Executive Officer of Cyclacel. "We are encouraged by the preclinical data, which extend and support earlier findings, showing that CYC065 and CCT68127 reduce MYCN transcription and protein levels and have antitumor activity in neuroblastoma models. Additionally, we have demonstrated in other preclinical studies, that our transcriptional CDK2/9 inhibitors target key molecular features of cancers with poor prognosis, such as MLL-r leukemias or MYC-driven lymphomas. Furthermore, evidence from early clinical trials show that CDK2/9 inhibitors can have a synergistic effect with other anticancer agents. We look forward to reporting data from our ongoing Phase 1 study of CYC065 in patients with solid tumors."
In this preclinical study, an international group of researchers led by Prof. Louis Chesler from The Institute of Cancer Research, London, explored in vitro and in vivo the sensitivity of neuroblastoma cells to CYC065 and CCT68127. Neuroblastoma cells with MYCN amplification and overexpression were found to be particularly sensitive to both CDK2/9 inhibitors. The mechanism of action of CYC065 and CCT68127 included inhibition of MYCN transcription, downregulation of N-MYC protein, blocking neuroblastoma cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Treatment with either CYC065 or CCT68127 significantly reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival in several neuroblastoma models in vivo.
Citation
Poon E, Jamin Y, Walz S, Hakkert S, Kwok C, Hallsworth A, Thway K, Barker K, Sbirkov Y, Pickard L, Urban Z, Tardif N, Webber H, Box G, Valenti M, De Haven Brandon A, Petrie K, Ebus M, Molenaar J, Eccles S, Robinson SP, Zheleva D, Eilers M, Workman P, Chesler L. The small molecule CDK2 and CDK9 inhibitors CYC065 and CCT68127 are potent inhibitors of MYCN via transcriptional repression. Childhood Cancer Meeting 2016, September 5 — 7th, London, UK, Abs. 1-19.
About MYCN
The MYCN gene encodes a transcription factor that is expressed in fetal brain and neural crest and is critical for normal development of the brain and nerves. The MYCN oncogene is over-expressed in a number of different types of cancer, most notably neuroblastoma, and also rhabdomyosarcoma, medulloblastoma, astrocytoma, Wilms’ tumor and small cell lung cancer. Amplification of the MYCN oncogene is the most common genomic alteration in aggressive neuroblastomas and is associated with poor clinical outcome. There are no approved drugs that directly target MYCN prompting the investigation of indirect approaches such as exploitation of a synthetic lethal relationship between MYCN amplification/overexpression and inhibition of CDK2.
About Neuroblastoma
According to the American Cancer Society, neuroblastoma is the most common cancer in infants less than one year old and it accounts for about six percent of all pediatric cancers or about 700 cases per year. The disease has a fatal outcome in one out of every seven children diagnosed with it. Preclinical data from an international investigator group demonstrated that Cyclacel’s CYC065 and CCT68127 target MYCN gene expression and have potent in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activities, suggesting therapeutic potential in neuroblastoma, including high-risk patients with MYCN amplification.
About CYC065
CYC065 is a highly-selective, orally- and intravenously-available, second generation inhibitor of CDK2 and CDK9 and causes apoptotic death of cancer cells at sub-micromolar concentrations. Antitumor efficacy has been achieved in vivo with once a day oral dosing at well tolerated doses. Evidence from published nonclinical studies show that CYC065 may benefit patients with adult and pediatric hematological malignancies, including certain Acute Myeloid Leukemias (AML), Acute Lymphocytic Leukemias (ALL), Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemias (CLL), B-cell lymphomas, multiple myelomas, and certain solid tumors, including breast and uterine cancers. Independent investigators published nonclinical evidence that CYC065 induced regression or tumor growth inhibition in a model of HER2-positive breast cancer addicted to cyclin E that is resistant to trastuzumab, reduced tumor growth in models of CCNE1-amplified uterine serous carcinoma and reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival in several neuroblastoma models in vivo.
CYC065 is mechanistically similar but has much higher dose potency, in vitro and in vivo, improved metabolic stability and longer patent protection than seliciclib, Cyclacel’s first generation CDK inhibitor. Translational biology data support development of CYC065 as a stratified medicine for solid and liquid cancers. CYC065 has been shown to reverse drug resistance associated with the addiction of cancer cells to cyclin E and may inhibit CDK9-dependent oncogenic and leukemogenic pathways, including malignancies driven by certain oncogenes and mixed lineage leukemia rearrangements (MLL-r). CYC065 causes prolonged down regulation of the Mcl-1-mediated pro-survival pathway in cancer cells.