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Ziopharm Oncology Presents Data on Very Rapid Production of CAR T Cells at Keystone Symposia Emerging Cellular Therapies: T Cells and Beyond

On February 12, 2018 Ziopharm Oncology, Inc. (Nasdaq:ZIOP), a biotechnology company focused on development of next generation immunotherapies utilizing gene- and cell-based therapies to treat patients with cancer, reported data demonstrating point-of-care (P-O-C) manufacturing of human T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that persist and have an anti-tumor effect in preclinical models were presented at the Keystone Symposia Emerging Cellular Therapies: T Cells and Beyond in Keystone, Colorado (Press release, Ziopharm, FEB 12, 2018, View Source [SID1234523928]).

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The data presented showed T cells expressing CD19-specific CAR with membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15) were generated with the non-viral Sleeping Beauty system in less than two days and did not require ex vivo activation or propagation. T cells designed to express mbIL15 showed greater persistence and more potent antitumor activity than comparator T cells without mbIL15 in these studies.

Lenka V. Hurton, Ph.D., a researcher in the Division of Pediatrics at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, presented the findings in a talk entitled, "Rapid production of T cells co-expressing CAR and membrane-bound IL-15 potentiates antitumor activity and promotes in vivo memory." She also presented a poster under the same title during the Keystone Symposia.

Ziopharm is advancing its non-viral Sleeping Beauty platform towards using its point-of-care, or P-O-C, technology, a very rapid manufacturing process of genetically modified CAR+ T cells co-expressing mbIL15, with the first in-human trial utilizing this approach expected to commence in 2018. Ziopharm believes that manufacturing under P-O-C has the potential to reduce the costs associated with T-cell therapies and the potential to broaden application based on avoiding the need for centralized manufacturing as is the case when using a virus to genetically modify T cells.

Dr. Hurton’s poster and presentation slides are based on research conducted in collaboration with The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and Precigen Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Intrexon Corporation (NYSE:XON). The poster is available in the Presentations and Publications section of the Company’s website, www.ziopharm.com.

ERYTECH Selects Triple Negative Breast Cancer as Next Indication for Eryaspase

On February 12, 2018 ERYTECH Pharma (Euronext: ERYP- Nasdaq: ERYP), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing innovative therapies by encapsulating therapeutic drug substances inside red blood cells, reported the selection of Triple Negative Breast Cancer as the next target indication for broadening the scope of eryaspase (GRASPA) development in solid tumors (Press release, ERYtech Pharma, FEB 12, 2018, View Source;p=RssLanding&cat=news&id=2332012 [SID1234523923]).

L-asparaginase is a cornerstone treatment in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), especially for pediatric patients, but the excessive toxicity of conventional L-asparaginase formulations has limited its use in other indications.

The positive Phase 2b result of eryaspase (L-asparaginase encapsulated in red blood cells) in metastatic pancreatic cancer, reported in 2017, represents, to our knowledge, the first-ever evidence of clinical benefit of an asparaginase-based product in a solid tumor indication. In this 141-patient randomized Phase 2b study, eryaspase in combination with chemotherapy demonstrated a 40% reduction in risk of death rate (HR=0.60; p=0.009) compared to chemotherapy alone.

Following these very encouraging results, ERYTECH conducted a comprehensive evaluation to determine other potential solid-tumor indications for developing eryaspase. Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) has now been selected as the next indication to expand the potential use of eryaspase in solid tumors. TNBC is an aggressive and metabolically active form of breast cancer with high rates of symptomatic metastases. A recent publication in Nature1 supports the hypothesis that restricting availability of asparagine can reduce metastatic progression of cancer cells in breast cancer. One of the most striking observations from our Phase 2b trial in pancreatic cancer was the 40% reduction of new lesions in the eryaspase arm compared to the control arm.

"TNBC is a heterogenous subgroup of breast cancer associated with poor patient outcome and high risk of recurrence compared to other breast cancer subtypes. Aside from BRCA1/2 mutation status, treatment options for TNBC remain limited," commented Iman El-Hariry, MD, PhD, Chief Medical Officer of ERYTECH. "There is growing evidence of altered metabolism in TNBC. The evaluation of eryaspase in metastatic TNBC provides a promising new therapeutic approach, which capitalizes on reprogramming of the metabolic pathways in this disease."

Gil Beyen, Chairman and CEO of ERYTECH, added, "The selection of TNBC as the second solid tumor indication for evaluating eryaspase anti-tumor activity brings hope for improving the health of these women. The safety profile of eryaspase provides additional rationale for combination with currently existing therapies to increase treatment options in TNBC."

The development in TNBC complements ERYTECH’s pipeline of programs, which focus on the development of therapies that target amino acid metabolism of tumor cells. Set-up activities of a Phase 2 proof-of-concept clinical study have started and ERYTECH expects to enroll the first patient in Q3 2018.

About Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC)

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women globally with nearly 1.8 million new cases diagnosed annually2. It is estimated that over 600,000 women each year are diagnosed with breast cancer in the United States and Europe in aggregate3. Approximately 10-20% of breast cancers are TNBC, a form of breast cancer that lacks expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and does not overexpress HER24. TNBC is associated with a poorer prognosis when compared to other breast cancer subtypes. As commonly utilized hormone therapy and HER2 targeting agents are not treatment options for women with TNBC, there is significant unmet need for novel therapeutic approaches in this subtype of breast cancer.

Two Issued U.S. Patents Granted to Cellectis for CRISPR Use in T-Cells

On February 12, 2018 Cellectis (Euronext Growth: ALCLS – Nasdaq: CLLS), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing immunotherapies based on gene-edited allogeneic CAR T-cells (UCART), reported the issuance of two U.S. patents – US 9,855,297 and US 9,890,393 – for the invention of certain uses of RNA-guided endonucleases, such as Cas9 or Cpf1, for the genetic engineering of T-cells (Press release, Cellectis, FEB 12, 2018, View Source [SID1234523922]). The patents came into force on January 2nd, 2018 and February 13th, 2018, respectively.

Both patents claim methods by which T-cells are gene edited using transient expression of CRISPR/Cas9 components. These inventions are based on the early work initiated by inventors at Cellectis when the CRISPR technology first came to light.

These therapeutic-focused patents follow the grant by the European Patent Office of patent No. EP3004337 for similar inventions and previous intellectual property that Cellectis has obtained over the last two decades for major gene editing technologies including meganucleases, TALEN, MegaTAL and CRISPR.

"Cellectis is a pioneering gene editing company that has always been keen to be at the forefront of all gene editing technologies," said Dr. André Choulika, Cellectis Chairman & CEO. "We have been the first to explore the potential of CRISPR in its early days in various applications, including therapeutics and plants. These early findings ultimately led to the grant of this set of new patents. As such, these patents only reinforce Cellectis’ leadership position in the gene editing industry."

Convinced of their strong value for the future development of engineered CAR T-cells, Cellectis will make these patents available for licensing to companies that are willing to use CRISPR technologies in T-cells. The technical knowledge in these patents could, for example, help users engineer allogeneic CAR T-cells while suppressing genes involved in checkpoint inhibitions, such as PD-1, engineer drug resistance, or remove MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) related genes. The technology could also be used to insert a DNA CAR construct by gene targeting a specific locus in the genome of T-cells.

The inventors of these patents are Dr. André Choulika, Chairman & CEO of Cellectis and one of the pioneers in the development of nuclease-based genome editing technologies; Dr. Philippe Duchateau, Cellectis Chief Scientific Officer and seasoned gene editing expert; and Dr. Laurent Poirot, Cellectis Head of Early Discovery and expert of gene functions in immune cells.

Claims 1 and 2 of US 9,855,297:

1. A method of preparing genetically modified primary T-cells for immunotherapy comprising the steps of: (a) transfecting mRNA encoding an RNA-guided endonuclease into the primary T-cells, wherein the RNA-guided endonuclease is expressed from the transfected m RNA; (b) introducing a DNA vector that encodes a specific guide RNA, wherein the specific guide RNA directs the RNA-guided endonuclease to at least one targeted locus in the T-cell genome into the primary T-cells; (c) cleaving at least one targeted locus in the T-cell genome with the RNA-guided endonuclease; (d) generating a genetic modification at the site of the cleavage; and (e) expanding the resulting genetically modified T-cells.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the RNA-guided endonuclease is Cas9.

Claim 1 of US 9,890,393:

1. A method of preparing T-cells for immunotherapy comprising the step of:

(a) genetically modifying primary T-cells by introduction and/or expression into the cells of at least:

– a RNA-guided endonuclease; and

– a specific guide RNA that directs said endonuclease to at least one targeted locus in the T-cell genome,

wherein said RNA-guided endonuclease is expressed from transfected mRNA;

wherein said RNA-guided endonuclease comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:1 or SEQ ID NO:2; and

(b) expanding the resulting cells.

U.S., EU and Japan Health Authorities Accept Regulatory Submissions for Review of Pfizer’s Third-Generation ALK Inhibitor Lorlatinib

On February 12, 2018 Pfizer Inc. (NYSE:PFE) reported that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accepted and granted Priority Review to the company’s New Drug Application for lorlatinib. Lorlatinib is an investigational, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for the treatment of patients with ALK-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), previously treated with one or more ALK TKIs (Press release, Pfizer, FEB 12, 2018, View Source [SID1234523917]). The European Medicines Agency and the Japan Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Agency have also accepted marketing applications for the use of lorlatinib.

"Treatment resistance resulting in disease progression is a major challenge faced by patients with ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC. Lorlatinib was developed by Pfizer scientists with the specific goal of overcoming resistance to first- and second-generation ALK-targeted therapies," said Mace Rothenberg, MD, chief development officer, Oncology, Pfizer Global Product Development. "The encouraging results observed in a variety of patients previously treated with ALK inhibitors provides the basis for these applications."

The FDA grants Priority Review to medicines that may offer significant advances in treatment or may provide a treatment where no adequate therapy exists. In April 2017, lorlatinib received Breakthrough Therapy Designation from the FDA for patients with ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC previously treated with one or more ALK inhibitors.

The submissions are based on Phase 2 data from a Phase 1/2 clinical trial (NCT01970865) of lorlatinib, evaluating patients treated in distinct cohorts based on prior therapy. Full results from the Phase 2 portion of the trial were presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 18th World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) in October 2017.1

The Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) goal date for a decision by the FDA is in August 2018.

About Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide.2 NSCLC accounts for about 85 percent of lung cancer cases and remains difficult to treat, particularly in the metastatic setting.3 Approximately 75 percent of NSCLC patients are diagnosed late with metastatic or advanced disease where the five-year survival rate is only five percent.2,4,5

ALK gene rearrangement is a genetic alteration that drives the development of lung cancer in some patients.6,7 Epidemiology studies suggest that approximately three to five percent of NSCLC tumors are ALK-positive.8

About Lorlatinib

Lorlatinib is an investigational TKI that has been shown to be highly active in preclinical lung cancer models harboring chromosomal rearrangements of both ALK and ROS1. Lorlatinib was specifically designed to inhibit tumor mutations that drive resistance to other ALK inhibitors and to penetrate the blood brain barrier.

The Phase 3 CROWN study (NCT03052608) of lorlatinib began enrolling patients earlier this year. CROWN is an ongoing, open label, randomized, two-arm study comparing lorlatinib to crizotinib for treatment-naïve patients with metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC.

Lorlatinib is an investigational agent and has not received regulatory approval anywhere in the world. A multi-center, open-label expanded access protocol (NCT03178071) is now open in the United States for lorlatinib, making it available for eligible adults with ALK-positive or ROS1-positive advanced NSCLC at select sites. More information can be found by visiting www.clinicaltrials.gov.

About Pfizer in Lung Cancer

Pfizer Oncology is committed to addressing the unmet needs of patients with lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and a particularly difficult-to-treat disease. Pfizer strives to address the diverse and evolving needs of patients with NSCLC by developing efficacious and tolerable therapies, including biomarker-driven therapies and immuno-oncology (IO) agents and combinations. By combining leading scientific insights with a patient-centric approach, Pfizer is continually advancing its work to match the right patient with the right medicine at the right time. Through our growing research pipeline and collaboration efforts, we are committed to delivering renewed hope to patients living with NSCLC.

Avid Bioservices and Oncologie Enter Into Asset Assignment and Purchase Agreement for Avid’s PS-Targeting Program Including Bavituximab

On February 12, 2018 Avid Bioservices, Inc. (NASDAQ:CDMO) (NASDAQ:CDMOP) ("Avid") and Oncologie, Inc. reported that the companies have entered into an Asset Assignment and Purchase Agreement for Avid’s phosphatidylserine (PS)-targeting program including bavituximab (Press release, Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, FEB 12, 2018, View Source [SID1234523916]). Bavituximab is an investigational immune-modulatory monoclonal antibody that targets PS, a phospholipid that inhibits the ability of immune cells to recognize and fight tumors. In addition to bavituximab, the deal includes Avid’s other PS-targeting antibodies, including betabodies, as well as certain other assets and licenses useful and/or necessary for the potential commercialization of bavituximab.

Under terms of the agreement, Avid will receive an aggregate of $8 million in upfront payments from Oncologie paid over a period of six months from the execution date of the agreement and will be eligible to receive up to $95 million in development, regulatory and commercialization milestones. Oncologie will be responsible for all future research, development and commercialization of bavituximab, and related intellectual property costs, with Avid receiving royalties on net sales that are upward tiering into the mid-teens. As part of the deal, Oncologie will also enter into an agreement with Avid for future contract development and manufacturing activities in support of bavituximab. Roth Capital Partners acted as financial advisor to Avid in this transaction, rendering a Fairness Opinion to its board of directors.

"Partnering our PS-targeting program including bavituximab with a biopharmaceutical company focused on therapeutics in oncology has long been a key corporate objective and we have engaged in discussions with a broad range of potential collaborators throughout the course of the development program. Oncologie is a company with a deep understanding of cancer biomarkers that might be particularly relevant to bavituximab and we believe they have the resources and expertise to maximize the potential of the program," said Roger J. Lias, Ph.D., president and chief executive officer of Avid. "Importantly, this deal marks the completion of our transition to a dedicated CDMO, while providing additional capital, both upfront and potentially downstream, to support our CDMO business."

"We are pleased to add bavituximab as our new lead development program through this agreement with Avid," said Laura E. Benjamin, Ph.D., chief executive officer of Oncologie. "We believe that PS targeting possesses significant promise in the treatment of cancer and look forward to highlighting the therapeutic potential of the approach through innovative clinical trials. To this end, we intend to continue ongoing collaborations with the current investigators who are overseeing investigator-initiated trials, as well as NCCN-sponsored studies, designed to evaluate the immune modulating potential of bavituximab."

Bavituximab is believed to reverse PS-mediated immunosuppression by blocking the engagement of PS with its receptors, as well as by sending an alternate immune activating signal. PS-targeting antibodies have been shown to shift the functions of immune cells in tumors, resulting in multiple signs of immune activation and anti-tumor immune responses. This mechanism may play an important role in allowing other cancer therapies to more effectively attack tumors by reversing the immunosuppression that limits the impact of those treatments. Importantly, bavituximab has also demonstrated a favorable safety and tolerability profile across several clinical trials conducted to date, which may offer the compound a key advantage as the evolving cancer treatment landscape continues to shift to a combination therapy approach. The ability to be added to a range of other cancer therapies without causing added safety concerns may position bavituximab favorably as a component of combination treatments.