On November 14, 2024 INOVIO (NASDAQ: INO), a biotechnology company focused on developing and commercializing DNA medicines to help treat and protect people from HPV-related diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases, reported its financial results for the third quarter of 2024 and provided an update on recent company developments (Press release, Inovio, NOV 14, 2024, View Source [SID1234648402]).

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"We continue to be focused on advancing INO-3107 and delivering a non-surgical option to RRP patients. Toward this goal, we expect to have all non-device modules for our BLA completed by year end, while in parallel we continue to implement the plan to resolve the previously announced manufacturing issue with the single-use array component of the device. With this progress, we continue to target the submission of our BLA in mid-2025," said Dr. Jacqueline Shea, INOVIO’s President and Chief Executive Officer. "Our development of INO-3107 is supported by a growing body of research that collectively points to INO-3107’s potential to be an important therapeutic option for all RRP patients regardless of the severity of their disease. We recently presented new immunology data highlighting the ability of INO-3107 to induce new populations of T cells that travel to the airway tissue and papilloma and correspond with clinical benefit. We’ve also presented our full safety and efficacy data, demonstrating that INO-3107 was shown to be well tolerated and have clinical benefit in the Phase 1/2 trial. Additionally, by the end of year, we anticipate announcing long-term clinical durability data. We continue to believe INO-3107 has the potential to become the preferred choice for the broadest number of RRP patients, healthcare providers and payors, if approved."

Recent Business Highlights

Lead Candidate, INO-3107 – Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis

INOVIO’s primary focus is driving toward the regulatory approval and commercialization of its lead product candidate, INO-3107. Recent progress includes advancing preparations for submitting the BLA, targeted for mid-2025, and announcing the following new data.

New Immunology Data: INOVIO presented additional immunology data demonstrating the ability of INO-3107 to induce antigen-specific T cell responses against HPV-6 and HPV-11 and drive recruitment of those T cells into airway tissues and papilloma of RRP patients, which could potentially slow or eliminate papilloma regrowth. These data were presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Special Conference and at the 36th International Papillomavirus Conference. In totality, this new data showed:

Induction of T cell responses specific to HPV-6 and HPV-11, including cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, which were still present at week 52, indicating an establishment of memory response
Expansion of clonal T cell populations in peripheral blood, including induction of new clonal T cell populations that travelled to airway or papilloma tissue
Induction of inflammatory responses in papilloma and airway tissue, including:
– Interferon, cytokine and chemokine signaling
– Adaptive and innate immune cell infiltration, with emphasis on T cells
Cytotoxic signatures of infiltrated T cells in papilloma/airway tissue, providing direct evidence of increased overall T cell infiltration compared to pre-treatment
T cell infiltration in airway tissues of clinical responders were predominantly new T cell clonal populations not detectable prior to INO-3107 treatment
Clinical activity not impacted by immunosuppressive papilloma microenvironment
Full Safety and Efficacy Data: INOVIO presented its full safety and efficacy data set for the Phase 1/2 trial in which INO-3107 was shown to be well tolerated and have clinical benefit. Of the 32 patients in the trial, 26 patients, or 81%, experienced a decrease in the number of surgical interventions in the year after treatment when compared to the year before treatment. These data were presented at both the International Society of Vaccines Conference and the Fall Voice Conference.

In the trial, the overall clinical response (OCR) was 81%, with 26 of the 32 enrolled patients experiencing a decrease in the number of surgical interventions in the year after INO-3107 administration compared to the prior year, including 28% (9/32) that required no surgical intervention (i.e., complete response, or CR) during or after the dosing window. Further, 44% (14/32) of patients had a partial response (PR), measured by a reduction of at least 50%, but less than 100%, in the number of surgeries when compared to the prior year. The overall response rate (ORR) of patients (CR+PR) was therefore 72% (23/32). Other key data points presented include:

INO-3107 was shown to be well tolerated and have clinical benefit
– 41% (13/32) of patients reported a treatment-related Adverse Event (AE)
– No treatment-related AEs greater than Grade 2 severity were reported
– Most frequent treatment-related AE’s reported were injection site pain (31%) and fatigue (9%)
Modified Derkay-Pransky severity scores improved from baseline to the end of 52-week trial
INO-3107 induced durable cellular responses and generated T cells against HPV-6 and HPV-11
Other Pipeline Updates

INOVIO continued to advance plans for a Phase 3 trial of INO-3112 as a potential treatment for HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma also known as throat cancer, through ongoing conversations with regulators in the European Union. This trial is anticipated to be conducted in North America and Europe. Previously, the FDA had indicated alignment with the proposed trial design, which was developed in conjunction with a trial steering committee.
INOVIO continued to advance its plans for a Phase 2 trial of INO-4201 as a heterologous boost to the FDA licensed Ebola vaccine, Ervebo. A meeting is scheduled with the FDA in the fourth quarter of 2024 to discuss the proposed Phase 2 trial design.
Patients continue to be dosed in the GBM-001 trial with INO-5401. Regeneron and Inovio have discussed that an appropriate next step would be a controlled Phase 2 trial.
Third Quarter 2024 Financial Results

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments: As of September 30, 2024, cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments were $84.8 million compared to $145.3 million as of December 31, 2023.
Research and Development (R&D) Expenses: R&D expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024, were $18.7 million compared to $15.5 million for the same period in 2023. The increase in R&D expenses was primarily the result of overall higher drug manufacturing costs and higher engineering professional and outside services related to device development, offset by lower employee and consultant compensation, including non-cash stock-based compensation, among other variances.
General and Administrative (G&A) Expenses: G&A expenses were $8.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $9.9 million for the same period in 2023. The decrease in G&A expenses was primarily related to a decrease in employee compensation, including non-cash employee and consultant stock-based compensation, and a decrease in legal expenses, among other variances.
Total Operating Expenses: Total operating expenses were $27.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $35.9 million for the same period in 2023. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the company recognized a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $10.5 million.
Net Loss: Net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $25.2 million, or $0.89 per basic and diluted share, compared to net loss of $33.9 million, or $1.52 per basic and diluted share, for the three months ended September 30, 2023.
Shares Outstanding: As of September 30, 2024, INOVIO had 26.1 million common shares outstanding, 2.1 million pre-funded warrants outstanding, and 29.9 million common shares outstanding on a fully diluted basis, after giving effect to the exercise, vesting, and conversion, as applicable, of its outstanding pre-funded warrants, options, restricted stock units and convertible preferred stock.
INOVIO’s balance sheet and statement of operations are provided below. Additional information is included in INOVIO’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, which can be accessed at: View Source

Cash Guidance
INOVIO estimates its cash runway to extend into the third quarter of 2025. This projection includes an operational net cash burn estimate of approximately $24 million for the fourth quarter of 2024. These cash runway projections do not include any further capital-raising activities that INOVIO may undertake.

Conference Call / Webcast Information
INOVIO’s management will host a live conference call and webcast with slides at 4:30 p.m. ET today to discuss INOVIO’s financial results and provide a general business update. The live webcast and replay may be accessed by visiting INOVIO’s website at View Source