On November 2, 2023 Geron Corporation (Nasdaq: GERN), a late-stage clinical biopharmaceutical company, reported the publication of abstracts from the IMerge Phase 3 clinical trial evaluating its first-in-class investigational telomerase inhibitor imetelstat in patients with lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) (Press release, Geron, NOV 2, 2023, View Source [SID1234636761]). Four abstracts have been accepted for presentation at the 65th American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting taking place from December 9-12 in San Diego, California and virtually.

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"The 2023 ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) abstracts present data and analyses from the IMerge Phase 3 clinical trial that reinforce the differentiated clinical profile of imetelstat in lower risk MDS, and specifically highlight that patients achieve TI irrespective of risk status based on classification systems, or specific poor prognostic mutation profiles. Of particular importance, the nearly 20% of imetelstat-treated patients who achieved one year or greater transfusion independence with accompanying hemoglobin rises of 5 g/dl and reduction of MDS-associated mutations speak to the potential of this novel therapy to provide clinical benefits to patients that have not been observed before in transfusion-dependent lower risk MDS," said Faye Feller, M.D., Geron’s Executive Vice President, Chief Medical Officer.

Imetelstat is currently under regulatory review by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of transfusion dependent anemia in adult patients with lower risk MDS who have failed to respond or have lost response to or are ineligible for erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs).

"The data from IMerge Phase 3 being presented at the ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) annual meeting provides important insight into the breadth of effect of TI achieved with imetelstat across different risk subgroups and across the various underlying mutations associated with MDS, suggesting a broad use for imetelstat in patients eligible for the study, including in difficult-to-treat subgroups. Imetelstat also demonstrated efficacy among patients who were reclassified as higher risk using molecular international prognostic scoring system (IPSS-M)," said Rami S. Komrokji, M.D., Vice Chair, Malignant Hematology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, one of the principal investigators of IMerge Phase 3 and ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) presenter. "Additionally, our abstract showcasing a real-world data population level analysis of over 5,000 lower risk MDS patients adds to the significant literature suggesting a correlation between TI and improvement in survival. These data support the importance of TI to improve outcomes for patients with lower risk MDS."

Abstract #194: "Efficacy of Imetelstat in Achieving Red Blood Cell Transfusion Independence (RBC-TI) Across Different Risk Subgroups in Patients with Lower Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (LR MDS) Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) to Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents (ESAs) in IMerge Phase 3 Study"

Oral Presentation on December 9, 2023, at 2:15 p.m. PT

This abstract evaluates TI rates in patients treated with imetelstat vs. placebo across different risk subgroups as defined by International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS), revised IPSS (IPSS-R) or IPSS molecular (IPSS-M) risk profiles and shows that patients treated with imetelstat consistently had higher TI response rates than placebo regardless of risk classification. Further, in patients re-classified as high or very high risk using IPSS-M, TI response rates with imetelstat (and not placebo) were similar to TI response rates in lower risk subgroups. This analysis suggests imetelstat has clinical activity in lower risk MDS patients independent of risk categories.

Abstract #4603: "Impact of Mutational Status on Clinical Response to Imetelstat in Patients with Lower Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes in the IMerge Phase 3 Study"

Poster Presentation on December 11, 2023, from 6-8 p.m. PT

This abstract evaluates the impact of MDS-associated mutations on clinical efficacy of imetelstat for the 165 of 178 patients for whom mutation data were available and shows that RBC-TI response rates in patients receiving imetelstat occurred regardless of the presence of baseline MDS associated mutations that have a poor prognosis (either specific mutations or multiple concurrent mutations). In patients with mutations associated with poor prognosis (TP53, ETV6, RUNX1, ASXL1, or EZH2), ≥8-week and ≥24-week, TI was observed in 31.8% and 9.1% of imetelstat-treated patients vs 0 on placebo. The 8-week TI rate for patients with 3 or more mutations was 55.6% with imetelstat compared to 14.3% with placebo. This analysis suggests clinical benefit of imetelstat across different molecularly defined subgroups and independent of the underlying molecular pattern.

Abstract #4605: "Durable Continuous Transfusion Independence (TI) With Imetelstat in IMerge Phase 3 for Patients with Heavily Transfused Non-Del(5q) Lower Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (LR MDS) Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) to or Ineligible for Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents (ESAs)"

Poster Presentation on December 11, 2023, from 6-8 p.m. PT

This abstract evaluates the 1-year TI responders in IMerge Phase 3, including 17.8% of imetelstat-treated patients (21/118; 95% CI, 11.4-25.9) and 1.7% of patients on placebo (1/60; 95% CI, 0-8.9). The median duration of TI for imetelstat ≥1-year TI responders was 123 weeks (95% CI, 80.4 to not evaluable); the median increase in hemoglobin during the longest TI interval was 5.18 g/dL (range, 2.67-13.76 g/dL) for the imetelstat group vs 1.67 g/dL for the placebo patient. Of the 18/21 imetelstat-treated 1-year TI responders for whom mutation data were available, 72.2% achieved ≥50% SF3B1 variant allele frequency (VAF) reduction, including 7 patients in whom there was complete elimination of MDS associated mutations. The abstract concludes that the long-term durable TI, robust increases in hemoglobin and meaningful reductions in mutational burden suggest imetelstat may have disease-modifying activity. Grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia and neutropenia occurred in 14 (67%) and 20 (95%) patients with ≥1-year TI, respectively, and the mean duration of grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia and neutropenia events was 2.25 and 1.78 weeks, respectively. 89% of grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia and 81% of grade 3/4 neutropenia was reduced to grade 1/2 within 4 weeks.

Abstract #2440: "Durable Transfusion Independence in Lower Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (LR MDS) Is Associated with Better Survival: A Population Level Analysis Based on a Large US Health Insurance Claims Database"

Poster Presentation on December 11, 2023, from 6-8 p.m. PT

This abstract describes a population level analysis of 5,662 lower risk MDS patients identified through Optum Clinformatics between October 2015 and June 2022. Among these patients, 35% and 49% were transfusion-dependent before first and second lines of therapy, respectively. The median overall survival from start of second line therapy was 23.4 months overall, and 37.9 months vs 9.3 months among responders becoming transfusion independent vs non-responders, respectively (P < .0001). Despite the currently available therapies, transfusion dependence after any line of therapy is associated with poorer outcomes. Achievement of durable TI was associated with improved survival, supporting the clinical benefit of achieving transfusion independence in lower risk MDS.

These abstracts are available on the ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) 2023 Meeting website at View Source

About IMerge Phase 3

The Phase 3 portion of the IMerge Phase 2/3 study is a double-blind, 2:1 randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate imetelstat in patients with IPSS Low or Intermediate-1 risk (lower risk) transfusion dependent MDS who were relapsed after, refractory to, or ineligible for, erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA) treatment, had not received prior treatment with either a HMA or lenalidomide and were non-del(5q). To be eligible for IMerge Phase 3, patients were required to be transfusion dependent, defined as requiring at least four units of packed red blood cells (RBCs), over an eight-week period during the 16 weeks prior to entry into the trial. The primary efficacy endpoint of IMerge Phase 3 is the rate of red blood cell transfusion independence (RBC-TI) lasting at least eight weeks, defined as the proportion of patients without any RBC transfusion for at least eight consecutive weeks since entry to the trial (8-week TI). Key secondary endpoints include the rate of RBC-TI lasting at least 24 weeks (24-week TI), the duration of TI and the rate of hematologic improvement erythroid (HI-E), which is defined under 2006 IWG criteria as a rise in hemoglobin of at least 1.5 g/dL above the pretreatment level for at least eight weeks or a reduction of at least four units of RBC transfusions over eight weeks compared with the prior RBC transfusion burden. A total of 178 patients were enrolled in IMerge Phase 3 across North America, Europe, Middle East and Asia.

About Imetelstat

Imetelstat is a novel, first-in-class investigational telomerase inhibitor exclusively owned by Geron and being developed in hematologic malignancies. Data from non-clinical studies and clinical trials of imetelstat provide strong evidence that imetelstat targets telomerase to inhibit the uncontrolled proliferation of malignant stem and progenitor cells in myeloid hematologic malignancies resulting in malignant cell apoptosis and potential disease-modifying activity. Imetelstat has been granted Fast Track designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for both the treatment of adult patients with transfusion dependent anemia due to Low or Intermediate-1 risk MDS that is not associated with del(5q) who are refractory or resistant to an erythropoiesis stimulating agent, and for adult patients with Intermediate-2 or High-risk myelofibrosis (MF) whose disease has relapsed after or is refractory to Janus associated kinase (JAK) inhibitor treatment. Imetelstat is currently not approved by any regulatory authority.