On June 28, 2024 Defence Therapeutics Inc. ("Defence" or the "Company"), (CSE: DTC, OTCQB: DTCFF, FSE: DTC), a Canadian biopharmaceutical company developing novel immune-oncology vaccines and drug delivery technologies, reported that Defence’s Accum-002TM ("AccuTOX") has different mode of actions: AccuTOX is working as a tumor killing molecule and as an immune booster (Press release, Defence Therapeutics, JUN 28, 2024, View Source;utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=defences-accutox-boosts-and-synergizes-with-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors [SID1234644649]). AccuTOX mode of action synergizes with the activity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ("ICI") and the immune system itself.

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors produces promising therapeutic effects in treatments of solid tumors. However, their overall response rate is still very low for a few patients suffering of solid tumors. For example, melanoma patient is one population group having the best response with only 20% of patients having a complete or partial response to ICI treatment. To explain the intrinsic resistant of those majority of patients to the ICI treatment, the scientific community discovered that those tumors have a cold tumor environment which block the patient immune system to recognize and attack the cancer cells. This cold environment is translated in part by a low level of immune infiltrating cell inside the tumor and by decreasing the potential of the immune system to recognize tumor as a non healthy tissue and to promote the attack and destruction of tumor cells.

The scientific and medical community is seeking solutions to this intrinsic resistance by transforming this cold tumor into hot tumor by using combination treatments with ICI. This transformation into hot tumor will increase tumor vulnerability to ICI treatment and to the immune system attacks. Defence Therapeutics team have discovered that the mode of action of AccuTOX exploits this tumor vulnerability by inducing immune system recruitment and increasing the tumor recognition by the immune system, which synergized with ICI mode of actions. Surprisingly and compared to competitors, AccuTOX induces the recruitment and/or the activation of different immune cells and transforms the cold tumor into very hot tumor which is easily recognized and attacked by the immune cells. These immune cells are responsible of tumor regression in context of ICI and other immunotherapy treatments. In other words, AccuTOX acts as an intelligent spotlight having specialized lens and biometric recognition software (facial and fingerprint recognition) for the immune system to recognize, focus, track and attack cancer tumors inside the body. AccuTOX has shown that it induces the death of cancer cells on its own mode of action and, more importantly, AccuTOX has the potential to transform a cold tumor into a hot tumor which the immune system will recognize, attack, and destroy.

AcccuTOX has the potential to treat more efficiently the patient who already has a positive response to ICI treatment and, in fact, AccuTOX can increase the patient population eligible to ICI treatment which shall increase the market of each existing ICI. The Company believes that AccuTOX is a strong candidate to enhance and boost the therapeutic value of the ICI and is open to potential partnerships and collaborations in that regard.

Defence’s scientific team has shown in many in vivo preclinical studies that AccuTOX significantly increases the efficacy of several ICI (anti-PD1, anti-CD47, anti-LAG3 and anti-CTLA4) when combined with AccuTOX, by at least a factor of 10 folds, to treat different cancer indications. The PD1/PDL1 (which is the ICI used in most of Defence’s AccuTOX in vivo preclinical studies) market is projected to grow from USD 36.4 Billion in 2023 to USD 139.7 Billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 18.3% during the forecast period of 2023-2032.