On December 6, 2017 Novartis reported results from the Phase III MONALEESA-7 trial in premenopausal or perimenopausal women with hormone-receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced or metastatic breast cancer demonstrating Kisqali (ribociclib) in combination with an aromatase inhibitor or tamoxifen and goserelin as initial endocrine-based therapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) compared to endocrine therapy and goserelin alone (Press release, Novartis, DEC 6, 2017, View Source [SID1234522407]). These data will be presented today as a late-breaker oral presentation at the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS) (Abstract #S2-05).
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Kisqali in combination with tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor plus goserelin demonstrated a median PFS of 23.8 months (95% CI: 19.2 months-not reached) compared to 13.0 months (95% CI: 11.0-16.4 months) for tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor plus goserelin (HR=0.553; 95% CI: 0.441-0.694; p<0.0001)[1]. Premenopausal women treated with Kisqali combination therapy saw a response as early as eight weeks as demonstrated by separation of the PFS curves compared to endocrine therapy alone[1].
"The strength of the MONALEESA-7 data is impressive and will give oncologists an important option if ribociclib is approved as treatment for this patient population as well as greater flexibility in the choice of endocrine therapy given with this agent," said Dr. Debu Tripathy, chair of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. "Women who are premenopausal at the time of their breast cancer diagnosis tend to have more aggressive disease with poorer prognosis along with unique needs and experiences, so it is critical we determine which treatments will be most effective while also well tolerated."
MONALEESA-7 trial evaluated Kisqali in combination with tamoxifen and an aromatase inhibitor. This is the only Phase III study to evaluate a CDK4/6 inhibitor in combination with tamoxifen and establishes the safety and efficacy of Kisqali in this combination as first-line treatment for advanced breast cancer (median PFS of 22.1 vs 11.0 months; HR=0.585; 95% CI: 0.387-0.884)[1]. Kisqali in combination with an aromatase inhibitor demonstrated an additional 14 months progression-free survival over endocrine therapy alone (median PFS of 27.5 vs 13.8 months; HR=0.569; 95% CI: 0.436-0.743)[1].
Premenopausal women taking Kisqali benefited for a longer time until health-related quality of life (QoL) deterioration compared to those taking endocrine therapy alone[1]. Women taking Kisqali also had a clinically meaningful improvement in pain symptoms as early as eight weeks; this improvement was sustained[1].
No new safety signals were observed in the MONALEESA-7 trial; adverse events were generally consistent with those observed in MONALEESA-2, identified early and mostly managed through dose interruptions or reductions[1]. Combination treatment with Kisqali was well tolerated with a discontinuation rate due to adverse events of 3.6% compared to 3.0% in patients who received endocrine therapy alone[1]. The most common (>=5%) grade 3/4 adverse events in patients receiving Kisqali combination therapy compared to endocrine therapy alone were neutropenia (60.6% vs 3.6%) and leukopenia (14.3% vs 1.2%)[1].
"We are pleased to see Kisqali combination therapy provide strong efficacy and prolonged quality of life with pain reduction in younger women, and look forward to working with health authorities to bring a new treatment option to premenopausal or perimenopausal women," said Samit Hirawat, MD, Head, Novartis Oncology Global Drug Development. "Research in premenopausal advanced breast cancer is extremely limited as these women traditionally have been excluded from clinical trials or reduced to a subgroup in trials designed for their postmenopausal counterparts. We designed the robust MONALEESA clinical trial program to be inclusive of all women and men with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer."
Premenopausal breast cancer is a biologically distinct and more aggressive disease than postmenopausal breast cancer, and it is the leading cause of cancer death in women 20-59 years old[3],[4].
Novartis plans to discuss MONALEESA-7 data with global health authorities worldwide.
About MONALEESA-7
MONALEESA-7 is a Phase III randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the efficacy and safety of Kisqali in combination with tamoxifen or a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor plus goserelin versus tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor plus goserelin, in premenopausal or perimenopausal women with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer who had not previously received endocrine therapy for advanced disease. More than 670 women ranging from 23-58 years in age were randomized in the MONALEESA-7 trial. The first patient assessment occurred at eight weeks; separation of the PFS curves at this time was not a pre-specified endpoint of the study.
About Kisqali (ribociclib)
Kisqali is a selective cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, a class of drugs that help slow the progression of cancer by inhibiting two proteins called cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). These proteins, when over-activated, can enable cancer cells to grow and divide too quickly. Targeting CDK4/6 with enhanced precision may play a role in ensuring that cancer cells do not continue to replicate uncontrollably.
Kisqali was approved by the European Commission in August 2017, as initial endocrine-based therapy for postmenopausal women with HR+/HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer in combination with an aromatase inhibitor based on findings from the pivotal MONALEESA-2 trial. Kisqali is not currently approved for use in premenopausal patients.
Kisqali is approved for use in 44 countries around the world, including the United States and European Union member states. Kisqali was developed by the Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR) under a research collaboration with Astex Pharmaceuticals.
About the Kisqali Clinical Trial Program
With more than 2,000 patients, the MONALEESA program is the largest Phase III clinical program researching use of a CDK4/6 inhibitor in advanced breast cancer[1].
The MONALEESA-7 findings add to the body of evidence from MONALEESA-2 supporting the benefit of Kisqali plus hormone therapy in first-line treatment of HR+/HER2- advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Novartis is continuing to evaluate Kisqali in combination with multiple hormonal therapies across a broad range of patients, including in the adjuvant setting.
MONALEESA-2 is a Phase III global registration trial evaluating Kisqali in combination with letrozole compared to letrozole alone in postmenopausal women with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer who received no prior therapy for their advanced breast cancer.
MONALEESA-3 is a Phase III study evaluating Kisqali in combination with fulvestrant compared to fulvestrant alone in postmenopausal women or men with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer who have received no or a maximum of one prior endocrine therapy. MONALEESA-3 is fully enrolled.
CompLEEment-1 is an open-label, multicenter, Phase IIIb study evaluating the safety and efficacy of Kisqali plus letrozole in men and pre- or postmenopausal women with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer who have not received prior hormonal therapy for advanced disease. CompLEEment-1 is enrolling.
The safety and efficacy of Kisqali with endocrine therapy as adjuvant therapy in premenopausal and postmenopausal women who have not previously received treatment with a CDK4/6 inhibitor is also being evaluated in the EarLEE-1 study, which is enrolling.
More information about these studies can be found at www.ClinicalTrials.gov.
About Novartis in Advanced Breast Cancer
For more than 25 years, Novartis has been at the forefront of driving scientific advancements for breast cancer patients and improving clinical practice in collaboration with the global community. With one of the most diverse breast cancer pipelines and the largest number of breast cancer compounds in development, Novartis leads the industry in discovery of new therapies and combinations, especially in HR+ advanced breast cancer, the most common form of the disease.
Important Safety Information from the Kisqali EU SmPC
The most common ADRs and the most common grade 3/4 ADRs (reported at a frequency >=20% and >=2% respectively) for which the frequency for Kisqali plus letrozole exceeds the frequency for placebo plus letrozole were blood and lymphatic system disorders (including abnormally low neutrophil and white blood cell count), headache, back pain, nausea, fatigue, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, hair loss and rash and abnormally low levels of neutrophils or white blood cells, abnormal liver function tests (increased alanine and aspartate aminotransferase), abnormally low lymphocyte count, low levels of phosphate, vomiting, nausea, fatigue and back pain, respectively. Low levels of neutrophils was the most commonly seen severe adverse event; fever in addition to a low neutrophil count was reported in 1.5% of patients.
Kisqali can cause serious side effects such as a significant decrease in neutrophil count, abnormal liver function tests and may have an effect on the electrical activity of the heart known as QT/QTc interval prolongation, which could lead to disturbances in heart rhythm. As a precaution, patients should have complete blood counts, liver function, and serum electrolyte levels measured prior to starting treatment as well as during treatment with Kisqali. Patients should also have their heart activity checked before and monitored during treatment.
The efficacy and safety of ribociclib have not been studied in patients with critical visceral disease.
The use of Kisqali with medicinal products known to prolong QTc interval or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors should be avoided as this may lead to prolongation of the QT/QTc interval. If treatment with a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor cannot be avoided, the Kisqali dose should be reduced. Concomitant administration with other medicines that could affect cardiac repolarization or prolong the QT/QTc interval should be taken into account prior to and during treatment with Kisqali. Patients taking sensitive CYP3A4 substrates with narrow therapeutic index should use caution because of the increased risk of adverse events that may occur if these medications are co-administered with Kisqali.
Kisqali contains soya lecithin and therefore it should not be taken by patients who are allergic to peanut or soya.
Animal studies suggest that Kisqali may cause fetal harm in pregnant women. Therefore, as a precaution, women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception while receiving Kisqali during treatment and up to 21 days after stopping treatment. Women should not breast feed for at least 21 days after the last dose of Kisqali. Kisqali may affect fertility in males.
Please see full Prescribing Information for Kisqali, available at www.kisqali.com.
Disclaimer
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