On October 19, 2018 TP Therapeutics, a clinical-stage precision oncology company developing novel drugs that address treatment resistance, reported its completion of an $80 million round of mezzanine financing (Press release, TP Therapeutics, OCT 19, 2018, View Source [SID1234530140]). Foresite Capital and venBio Partners led the investment syndicate, with participation from new investors HBM Healthcare Investments (Cayman) Ltd. and Nextech Invest. Also participating were existing investors including Cormorant Asset Management, Lilly Asia Ventures (LAV), Orbimed Advisors and SR One.

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TP Therapeutics will use the proceeds to advance its lead product candidate, Repotrectinib (TPX-0005), into a Phase 2 potential registration study in early 2019 for ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and NTRK-positive solid tumors. The study will enroll patients who already have received a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and have developed resistance or were refractory, as well as those who are TKI treatment-naïve. TP Therapeutics will also use a portion of the funds to further develop its internally discovered pipeline.

In conjunction with the financing, TP Therapeutics announced that Athena Countouriotis, M.D., has been promoted to chief executive officer from her previous role of chief medical officer. Dr. Countouriotis also has been named to the board of directors. Co-founder Peter Li, Ph.D., M.B.A., who has served as chairman and CEO since the company was founded, has transitioned into a new role as head of TP Therapeutics Asia. In this role, he will focus on building relationships with clinical investigators and partners to expand the potential for TP Therapeutics’ pipeline in this important global region. Jean Cui, Ph.D., co-founder, president and chief scientific officer, has assumed the role of chairman. In addition, the board has added two new directors: Brett Zbar, M.D., managing director at Foresite Capital, and Robert Adelman, M.D., managing partner of venBio Partners.

"Our team has made tremendous achievements in the discovery and development of truly novel medicines targeting oncogenic drivers in the five years since Jean and I founded TP Therapeutics," said Dr. Li. "As we prepare for registration studies and move toward expanding our clinical pipeline, Athena is the right choice to lead our next chapter of growth. Her operational leadership and drug development experience are highly complementary with Jean and have shown to resonate both with our employees and investors."

Dr. Countouriotis joined TP Therapeutics in May 2018 as chief medical officer and executive vice president. Athena has broad oncology biotech leadership experience guiding multiple development programs through to market approval. She previously served as senior vice president and chief medical officer at Adverum Biotechnologies, and prior to that served in the same role at Halozyme Therapeutics. Additionally, she served as chief medical officer at Ambit Biosciences, leading the development of Quizartinib through the company’s initial public offering and acquisition by Daiichi Sankyo. Dr. Countouriotis also worked at Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb in various clinical development roles for Sutent, Mylotarg, Bosulif, and Sprycel.

"I am honored to have the trust of our founders and our board as TP Therapeutics moves even closer to the patients it seeks to serve," said Dr. Countouriotis. "With the completion of the mezzanine financing, we are well funded to execute on our clinical and preclinical programs. I am pleased we have attracted this top-tier syndicate of investors."

Dr. Zbar commented: "TP Therapeutics has made great progress in the development of Repotrectinib, evidenced by the highly encouraging interim Phase 1 data presented recently at the World Conference on Lung Cancer. Targeted oncology is an area of focus for us, and the Foresite Capital team welcomes the opportunity to work closely with Athena again in her expanded leadership role."

Dr. Adelman added: "From the early discovery research to Phase 1 clinical development, the team at TP Therapeutics has been thoughtful in its approach to develop a truly differentiated therapy with potential to address some of the most difficult kinase fusions and their mutations. We look forward to working with Athena and the management team to advance Repotrectinib into the Phase 2 clinical study and ultimately build on its early success with the other novel assets in TP Therapeutics’ pipeline."

On October 19, 2018 Laekna Therapeutics reported that its Investigational New Drug (IND) application for LAE001 was officially accepted by Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE), China Food and Drug Administration (Press release, Laekna Therapeutics, OCT 19, 2018, View Source;article_id=42 [SID1234530434]).

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LAE001 is a novel, non-steroid, potent reversible dual inhibitor of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 17A1 and CYP11B2. It will be mainly used as the treatment for metastatic prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men, and it is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality (after lung cancer). In China, prostate cancer is the only one among the top ten cancers with yearly increased both the incidence rate and mortality rate. In most European and north America countries, the metastasis prostate cancer accounts only 15% of all prostate cancer. However, more than 50% of Chinese patients with prostate cancer had metastasis status at the time of diagnosis. Comparing to the current treatments for prostate cancer, LAE001 has demonstrated robust therapeutic efficacy and better safety profile in US phase I clinical trial. Due to its dual mechanism of inhibition of two critical enzymes for testosterone and aldosterone synthesis, LAE001 does not affect the levels of mineralocorticoid in men, and therefore reduces the risk of hyperaldosteronism and hepatotoxicity. LAE001 can also be used as a monotherapy without prednisone. It is expected that LAE001 will provide a better treatment option for the patients with prostate cancer after it is launched.

On October 19, 2018 GRAIL, Inc., a healthcare company focused on the early detection of cancer, reported that new data from the Circulating Cell-free Genome Atlas (CCGA) study will be presented by Minetta Liu, MD, Research Chair and Professor, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, in an oral presentation at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) (Free ESMO Whitepaper) 2018 Congress taking place October 19 – 23 in Munich, Germany (Press release, Grail, OCT 19, 2018, View Source [SID1234529982]).

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CCGA is a prospective, observational, longitudinal study of approximately 15,000 participants. In the first CCGA sub-study, three prototype genome sequencing assays were used to analyze blood samples from 2,800 participants. Data from approximately 1,800 of these participants were presented earlier this year at the 2018 annual meetings of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) and American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper).1,2

The new data being presented at ESMO (Free ESMO Whitepaper) are results from the 1,010 remaining participants from the same sub-study, which were analyzed separately for verification of the initial results. Results between the two data sets were similar, showing the prototype assays consistently detected strong signals in participants’ blood samples at high specificity for multiple cancer types. Slides with detailed results will be posted on GRAIL’s website after the presentation at grail.com/science/publications.

Presentation Details

Abstract 50O

Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) assays for early multi-cancer detection: the Circulating Cell-free Genome Atlas (CCGA) study
Proffered Paper (Oral Presentation): Saturday, October 20, 2018: 9:15 – 9:27 CEST, ICM – Room 14b

About the First CCGA Sub-Study

In this pre-planned sub-study of CCGA, three prototype genome sequencing assays were evaluated as potential methods for a blood-based test for early cancer detection. Blood samples from 2,800 participants (1,628 participants with newly diagnosed cancer who had not yet received treatment and 1,172 participants without a cancer diagnosis) were sequenced with all three prototype assays. Twenty different cancer types across all stages were included in the sub-study. Blood samples from the 2,800 participants were separated into a training set (1,785 participants) and an independent test set (1,010 participants) for verification of the initial results.

The prototype sequencing assays included:

Targeted sequencing of paired cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and white blood cells to detect somatic mutations, such as single nucleotide variants and small insertions and/or deletions;
Whole-genome sequencing of paired cfDNA and white blood cells to detect somatic copy number changes; and
Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of cfDNA to detect abnormal cfDNA methylation patterns.
About CCGA

CCGA is a prospective, observational, longitudinal study designed to characterize the landscape of cell-free nucleic acid (cfNA) profiles in people with and without cancer. The planned enrollment for the study is more than 15,000 participants across 142 sites in the United States and Canada. Approximately 70 percent of participants will have cancer at the time of enrollment (newly diagnosed, have not yet received treatment) and 30 percent will not have a known cancer diagnosis. Planned follow-up for all participants is at least five years to collect clinical outcomes.

On October 19, 2018 QED Therapeutics reported the presentation of positive, reported that updated interim data of infigratinib (BGJ398), an orally administered, selective fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 1-3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, for the treatment of advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) during a late-breaking poster discussion at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) (Free ESMO Whitepaper) (Press release, QED Therapeutics, OCT 19, 2018, View Source [SID1234576273]).

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In the open-label trial, which enrolled 71 patients with FGFR2 fusions/translocations, the confirmed overall response rate (cORR) was 26.9% (95% CI 16.8-39.1%) for all patients with the potential for confirmation (n=67) and an additional 56.7% experienced stable disease as their best response, resulting in a disease control rate of 83.6%. For patients who had received one or fewer prior treatment regimens, the cORR was 39.3% (n=28), whereas patients who had received two or more treatment regimens had a cORR of 17.9%. Median progression free survival was 6.8 months (95% CI 95% CI 5.3-7.6) and median overall survival was 12.5 months (95% CI 9.9-16.6 months).

"These updated data provide the most extensive experience for an FGFR inhibitor in advanced cholangiocarcinoma," said Milind Javle, M.D., professor, gastrointestinal medical oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and investigator on the Phase 2 infigratinib (BGJ398) study. "The high disease control rate and impressive overall survival are promising in a disease with no currently approved targeted treatments."

"These results show that infigratinib has strong potential to make a real difference in the lives of people with cholangiocarcinoma," said Susan Moran, M.D., M.S.C.E., chief medical officer of QED Therapeutics. "Importantly, we have initiated a pivotal, Phase 3 study in first-line cholangiocarcinoma in the hopes of offering patients an upfront chemotherapy-free treatment option."

The study also demonstrated that infigratinib-associated toxicity is manageable. Most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE) were hyperphosphatemia (73.2%), fatigue (49.3%), stomatitis (45.1%), alopecia (38.0%) and constipation (35.2%). Grade 3/4 TEAEs occurred in 47 patients (66.2%), including hypophosphatemia (14.1%), hyperphosphatemia (12.7%) and hyponatremia (11.3%).

Cholangiocarcinoma affects approximately 8,000 to 10,000 patients a year in the United States. Currently, treatment options are limited, and survival rates are generally poor.

FGFR alterations have been implicated as an oncogenic driver across multiple solid tumors and hematological cancers – including roughly one out of every five cases of cholangiocarcinoma and urothelial carcinoma. Activating mutations in FGFRs are also found in multiple forms of pediatric skeletal dysplasias, including achondroplasia, which affects up to one out of every 15,000 live births.

A Phase 3 study comparing infigratinib to standard of care chemotherapy for first line cholangiocarcinoma has been initiated by QED Therapeutics

On October 19, 2018 Clovis Oncology, Inc. (NASDAQ: CLVS) reported initial data from its ongoing Phase 2 TRITON2 clinical trial of Rubraca at the ESMO (Free ESMO Whitepaper) 2018 Congress (European Society for Medical Oncology) (Press release, Clovis Oncology, OCT 19, 2018, View Source [SID1234529983]). The data show a 44% confirmed objective response rate (ORR) by investigator assessment in 25 RECIST* /PCWG3** response-evaluable patients with a BRCA1/2 alteration. The median duration of response in these patients has not yet been reached. In addition, a 51% confirmed prostate specific antigen (PSA) response rate was observed in 45 PSA response-evaluable patients with a BRCA1/2 alteration.

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The TRITON2 results were the basis for Breakthrough Therapy designation for Rubraca as a monotherapy treatment of adult patients with BRCA1/2 mutated mCRPC who have received at least one prior androgen receptor (AR)-directed therapy and taxane-based chemotherapy, which was granted on October 2, 2018 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These data will be highlighted in a poster authored by Dr. Wassim Abida, Medical Oncologist, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and principal investigator for the TRITON2 study. The data have been selected for a poster discussion session that will be led by invited discussant Dr. Joaquin Mateo, of the Prostate Cancer Translational Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) on 21 October at 09:15-9:40 CEST.

"Rubraca has previously demonstrated antitumor activity in its approved indications for women with advanced ovarian cancer," said Dr. Abida. "These new data show that Rubraca may also offer a new approach for the treatment of mCRPC associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 alterations, with the potential to achieve a clinical response in patients with few remaining therapy options."

Patients enrolled in the TRITON2 study had received prior treatment with at least one androgen receptor (AR)-directed therapy and taxane-based chemotherapy and were screened for a deleterious germline or somatic alteration in BRCA1, BRCA2 or one of 13 other pre-specified homologous recombination (HR) genes. Study participants were allocated into three cohorts based on the type of gene alteration and disease status, which was determined by genomic sequencing and RECIST criteria, respectively. Each cohort received 600mg Rubraca twice daily and were grouped based on the following criteria: A) alteration in either BRCA1, BRCA2 or ATM genes, with tumors that can be measured with visceral and/or nodal disease; B) alteration in either BRCA1, BRCA2 or ATM genes, with tumors that cannot be measured with visceral and/or nodal disease, or C) alteration in another HR gene associated with sensitivity to PARP inhibition, with or without measurable disease. The primary study endpoints include confirmed ORR per RECIST/PCWG3 in patients with measurable disease at baseline and PSA response in patients with no measurable disease at baseline. Secondary endpoints include overall survival (OS), clinical benefit rate, and safety and tolerability.1

As of the visit cut-off date of June 29, 2018, 85 patients were treated with Rubraca; the overall median treatment duration was 3.7 (range, 0.5–12.9) months and median follow up was 5.7 (range, 2.6–16.4) months. The median treatment duration in patients with a BRCA1/2 alteration was 4.4 months (range, 0.5-12.0 months). Forty-six patients (54.1%) were evaluable for RECIST/PCWG3 response, including 25 patients with a BRCA1/2 alteration. By investigator-assessed RECIST/PCWG3, the confirmed ORR in patients with a BRCA1/2 alteration treated with Rubraca was 44.0% (11/25). Among the 45 evaluable patients with a BRCA1/2 alteration, 51.1% (23/45) had a confirmed PSA response (95% CI, 35.8–66.3).

Overall, the most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) of any grade (CTCAE Grade 1-4) in all patients regardless of causality included asthenia/fatigue (44.7%, or 38/85), nausea (42.4%, or 36/85), anemia/decreased hemoglobin (22.4%, or 19/85) and constipation (28.2%, or 24/85). Five patients (5.9%) discontinued therapy due to a non-progression TEAE. One patient died due to disease progression.1

"We are very encouraged by these initial findings from the TRITON2 study, which demonstrate the potential of Rubraca to treat men with advanced prostate cancer whose disease has progressed after receiving multiple prior lines of therapy," said Patrick J. Mahaffy, President and CEO of Clovis Oncology. "PARP inhibitors are now a validated therapeutic class in oncology in multiple tumor types, and these new data underscore the benefit that Rubraca may provide for men with advanced, BRCA-mutant castration-resistant prostate cancer. Having recently received Breakthrough Therapy designation based on these data, we are committed to the rapid development of Rubraca for men with this very difficult-to-treat disease."

The poster discussion session also will include the first presentation of genomic profiling data based on tumor tissue and plasma cfDNA samples from the TRITON clinical program. The poster, authored by Dr. Simon Chowdhury, Consultant Medical Oncologist, Guy’s Hospital & Sarah Cannon Research Institute and co-principal investigator for the TRITON clinical studies, will be included in the same poster discussion session as the TRITON2 data, led by invited discussant Dr. Joaquin Mateo, of the Prostate Cancer Translational Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO). The poster discussion session takes place on 21 October at 09:15-9:40 CEST.

The data suggest cfDNA detected from plasma can be used to identify deleterious HR gene alterations in a manner that is less invasive than tumor tissue testing. Additionally, due to the invasiveness of tumor tissue sample collection, archival primary prostate samples are often used, and data suggest these samples are not representative of the somatic alterations which emerge in mCRPC.

In the study evaluation, patients’ HR gene alteration status was determined by screening a total of 1,311 tumor and 638 plasma specimens, collected from a total of 1,516 patients to determine eligibility for TRITON2 and TRITON3. There was high concordance (74%) in identifying patients with deleterious BRCA1/2 mutations by both tissue and plasma sample. The results demonstrate that detecting genetic alterations within HR genes using cfDNA sequencing could prove to be a convenient method to identify patients who might be suitable candidates for treatment with Rubraca.2 Approximately 12% of men screened for the TRITON2 study were identified as having a BRCA1/2 alteration by plasma screening.

"Tumor tissue testing relies heavily on archival samples taken when a patient is newly diagnosed but may not capture all the alterations that emerge in patients with metastatic disease," said Dr. Chowdhury. "The screening data demonstrate that there is a high concordance between alterations detected in the tissue and plasma assays. Due to the less invasive nature of obtaining cfDNA through plasma testing, this method may be more suitable for both physicians and patients and may also identify more patients eligible for clinical trials of Rubraca."

Clovis’ Rubraca poster presentations will be available online at clovisoncology.com at 07:30 CEST on Saturday, October 20, 2018.

About the TRITON2 Clinical Study

TRITON2 is an international, multicenter, open-label, Phase 2 study of Rubraca in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with BRCA gene alterations (inclusive of germline or somatic), which is also enrolling patients with deleterious alterations of other homologous recombination (HR) repair genes, including ATM. The study is currently enrolling across sites worldwide. For more information, please visit www.tritontrials.com.

About Prostate Cancer

The American Cancer Society estimates that more than 164,000 men in the United States will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2018,3 and the GLOBOCAN Cancer Fact Sheets estimate that approximately 345,000 men in Europe were diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2012.4 Castration-resistant prostate cancer has a high likelihood of developing metastases. Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, or mCRPC, is an incurable disease, usually associated with poor prognosis. According to the American Cancer Society, the five-year survival rate for mCRPC is approximately 29%.5 Approximately 12% of mCRPC patients have a deleterious mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2, according to an article published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology Precision Oncology in 2017.6 These molecular markers may be used to select patients for treatment with a PARP inhibitor.

About Rubraca

Rubraca is an oral, small molecule inhibitor of PARP1, PARP2 and PARP3 being developed in multiple tumor types, including ovarian, metastatic castration-resistant prostate, and bladder cancers, as monotherapy, and in combination with other anti-cancer agents. Exploratory studies in other tumor types are also underway. Clovis holds worldwide rights for Rubraca. Rubraca is an unlicensed medical product outside of the U.S. and Europe.

Rubraca EU Authorized Use

Rubraca is licensed for adult patients with platinum sensitive, relapsed or progressive, BRCA mutated (germline and/or somatic), high-grade epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer, who have been treated with two or more prior lines of platinum-based chemotherapy, and who are unable to tolerate further platinum-based chemotherapy.

Click here to access the current Summary of Product Characteristics. Healthcare professionals should report any suspected adverse reactions via their national reporting systems.

Rubraca U.S. FDA Approved Indications and Important Safety Information

Rubraca is indicated as monotherapy for the maintenance treatment of adult patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who are in a complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy.

Rubraca is indicated as monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with deleterious BRCA mutations (germline and/or somatic) associated epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who have been treated with two or more chemotherapies and selected for therapy based on an FDA-approved companion diagnostic for Rubraca.

Select Important Safety Information

Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)/Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) occur uncommonly in patients treated with Rubraca, and are potentially fatal adverse reactions. In approximately 1100 treated patients, MDS/AML occurred in 12 patients (1.1%), including those in long-term follow-up. Of these, five occurred during treatment or during the 28-day safety follow-up (0.5%). The duration of Rubraca treatment prior to the diagnosis of MDS/AML ranged from 1 month to approximately 28 months. The cases were typical of secondary MDS/cancer therapy-related AML; in all cases, patients had received previous platinum-containing regimens and/or other DNA-damaging agents. Do not start Rubraca until patients have recovered from hematological toxicity caused by previous chemotherapy (≤ Grade 1).

Monitor complete blood counts for cytopenia at baseline and monthly thereafter for clinically significant changes during treatment. For prolonged hematological toxicities (> 4 weeks), interrupt Rubraca or reduce dose (see Dosage and Administration [2.2] in full Prescribing Information) and monitor blood counts weekly until recovery. If the levels have not recovered to Grade 1 or less after 4 weeks, or if MDS/AML is suspected, refer the patient to a hematologist for further investigations, including bone marrow analysis and blood sample cytogenetic analysis. If MDS/AML is confirmed, discontinue Rubraca.

Based on its mechanism of action and findings from animal studies, Rubraca can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Apprise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 6 months following the last dose of Rubraca.

Most common adverse reactions in ARIEL3 (≥ 20%; Grade 1–4) were nausea (76%), fatigue/asthenia (73%), abdominal pain/distention (46%), rash (43%), dysgeusia (40%), anemia (39%), AST/ALT elevation (38%), constipation (37%), vomiting (37%), diarrhea (32%), thrombocytopenia (29%), nasopharyngitis/upper respiratory tract infection (29%), stomatitis (28%), decreased appetite (23%) and neutropenia (20%).

Most common laboratory abnormalities in ARIEL3 (≥ 25%; Grade 1–4) were increase in creatinine (98%), decrease in hemoglobin (88%), increase in cholesterol (84%), increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (73%), increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (61%), decrease in platelets (44%), decrease in leukocytes (44%), decrease in neutrophils (38%), increase in alkaline phosphatase (37%) and decrease in lymphocytes (29%).

Most common adverse reactions in Study 10 and ARIEL2 (≥ 20%; Grade 1–4) were nausea (77%), asthenia/fatigue (77%), vomiting (46%), anemia (44%), constipation (40%), dysgeusia (39%), decreased appetite (39%), diarrhea (34%), abdominal pain (32%), dyspnea (21%) and thrombocytopenia (21%).

Most common laboratory abnormalities in Study 10 and ARIEL2 (≥ 35%; Grade 1–4) were increase in creatinine (92%), increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (74%), increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (73%), decrease in hemoglobin (67%), decrease in lymphocytes (45%), increase in cholesterol (40%), decrease in platelets (39%) and decrease in absolute neutrophil count (35%).

Co-administration of Rubraca can increase the systemic exposure of CYP1A2, CYP3A, CYP2C9, or CYP2C19 substrates, which may increase the risk of toxicities of these drugs. Adjust dosage of CYP1A2, CYP3A, CYP2C9, or CYP2C19 substrates, if clinically indicated. If co-administration with warfarin (a CYP2C9 substrate) cannot be avoided, consider increasing frequency of international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breast-fed children from Rubraca, advise lactating women not to breastfeed during treatment with Rubraca and for 2 weeks after the last dose. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. You may also report side effects to Clovis Oncology, Inc. at 1-844-258-7662.

Click here for full Prescribing Information and additional Important Safety Information.