On March 5, 2022 Alector, Inc. (Nasdaq: ALEC), a clinical-stage biotechnology company pioneering immuno-neurology, reported first quarter 2022 financial results and recent portfolio and business updates (Press release, Alector, MAY 5, 2022, View Source [SID1234613656]). As of March 31, 2022, Alector’s cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities totaled $868.6 million.

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"We made significant progress in the first quarter, highlighted by the presentation of 12-month data from our INFRONT-2 Phase 2 clinical trial of latozinemab in patients with symptomatic FTD-C9orf72, in which treatment with latozinemab demonstrated target engagement and resulted in increases in progranulin levels above physiological levels in all patients," said Arnon Rosenthal, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer of Alector. "Data from the FTD-C9orf72 cohort builds upon the results observed in our studies to date in patients with symptomatic FTD-GRN. The totality of the data supports our approach of elevating progranulin levels to address a range of neurodegenerative diseases including FTD, ALS, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. We look forward to evaluating latozinemab and AL101 in multiple indications as part of our progranulin franchise in partnership with GlaxoSmithKline."

Sara Kenkare-Mitra, Ph.D., President and Head of Research and Development at Alector, added, "In parallel to advancing and expanding our progranulin franchise, we continue to make progress in our Alzheimer’s and oncology programs. Our INVOKE-2 Phase 2 clinical trial evaluating AL002 in slowing disease progression in individuals with early Alzheimer’s disease is ongoing, and we also expect to initiate a Phase 1 trial for AL044, which targets MS4A, a major risk locus for Alzheimer’s disease, in the second half of 2022. Additionally, we presented exciting preclinical data from our AL009 immuno-oncology program at the 2022 AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting, with a Phase 1 trial slated to begin within the next year. This clinical momentum, coupled with the addition of veteran neurodegeneration expert, Gary Romano, as Chief Medical Officer, puts Alector in a strong position to execute our goal of halting the destruction caused by neurodegenerative diseases."

Recent Clinical Updates

Progranulin Franchise Portfolio

Twelve-month data from the INFRONT-2 Phase 2 clinical trial of latozinemab in frontotemporal dementia patients (FTD) with a C9orf72 genetic mutation (FTD-C9orf72) were presented at the AD/PD 2022 International Conference on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases and related neurological disorders. Latozinemab treatment was well tolerated and resulted in a two- to three-fold increase in progranulin above physiological levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma respectively, and a decrease in the neurodegeneration biomarker GFAP. When compared to a matched control cohort from the ALLFTD consortium, treatment with latozinemab in FTD-C9orf72 patients resulted in a trend towards an annual delay of disease progression of approximately 54 percent as measured by the CDR plus NACC FTLD-SB scale. These data support the company’s efforts to expand the progranulin franchise into additional neurodegenerative disease indications.
Enrollment is ongoing in INFRONT-3, a randomized, placebo-controlled, pivotal Phase 3 trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of latozinemab in at-risk and symptomatic patients with FTD due to a progranulin gene mutation (FTD-GRN). Participants in the trial will be given the option to continue receiving treatment in an open-label extension study.
In partnership with GSK, the company made a strategic, non-safety related decision to close enrollment in the Phase 2a biomarker trial of latozinemab in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who carry a C9orf72 mutation. In light of the evolving ALS landscape, the company is currently evaluating plans for a potential Phase 2b study for patients with all forms of ALS, including the C9orf72 mutation.
Alector completed enrollment in the ongoing Phase 1 clinical trial to test multiple doses of AL101 administered intravenously and subcutaneously. AL101, the second drug candidate in the company’s progranulin franchise, is designed to elevate progranulin levels, similar to AL001, with the potential for easier administration and/or less frequent dosing for the treatment of more prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. The company expects to report data from the Phase 1 trial in the second half of 2022.
Alzheimer’s Disease Portfolio

The INVOKE-2 Phase 2 clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of AL002 in slowing disease progression in individuals with early Alzheimer’s disease is ongoing. AL002 targets Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) to increase TREM2 signaling and the functionality of the microglia brain specific immune cells. It is being developed in collaboration with AbbVie.
AL003 is being developed to treat patients with Alzheimer’s disease in collaboration with AbbVie. AL003 focuses on modulating checkpoint receptors on the brain’s immune cells, targeting sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 3 (SIGLEC 3, also called CD33). In 2021, we presented data from the Phase 1 trial of AL003 in healthy volunteers and Alzheimer’s disease patients. Alector is currently reviewing potential next steps for the AL003 program together with AbbVie.
Alector expects to initiate a Phase 1 clinical trial for AL044 in the second half of 2022. AL044 targets MS4A, a major risk locus for Alzheimer’s disease. MS4A gene family members encode a transmembrane protein that is expressed selectively in myeloid cells in the brain and is associated with control of microglia functionality and potentially with microglia viability.
Immuno-oncology Portfolio

At the 2022 American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting, Alector presented preclinical data from its first-in-class AL009 innate immuno-oncology program. AL009 is a dual function biologic that inhibits multiple Siglec receptors on myeloid cells and simultaneously activates a stimulating receptor on the same cells. The findings demonstrated that AL009 led to repolarization of myeloid cells and activation of innate and adaptive immunity against tumors. Pharmacologically relevant doses of AL009 appeared well-tolerated in initial non-human primate studies. IND enabling studies are ongoing, and a Phase 1 clinical study of AL009 in patients with advanced solid tumors is expected to begin within the next year.
Recent Corporate News

Gary Romano, M.D., Ph.D., will join Alector’s executive leadership team as Chief Medical Officer (CMO) on May 23, 2022, and Marc Grasso, M.D., joined as Chief Financial Officer (CFO).
Dr. Romano is a board-certified neurologist, neurodegeneration expert and recognized clinical leader in the industry with a demonstrated track record in progressing the development of therapeutics for multiple neuroscience indications. As CMO, Dr. Romano will lead the company’s global clinical development strategy, including oversight of the clinical development, clinical operations, biometrics and digital science and medical affairs functions.
Dr. Grasso brings extensive biotechnology industry leadership experience, including a successful track record in finance and corporate development. As CFO, Dr. Grasso leads all aspects of the company’s financial operations and plays a critical role in supporting corporate strategy.
First Quarter 2022 Financial Results

Revenue. Collaboration revenue for the quarter ended March 31, 2022, was $24.5 million, compared to $4.1 million for the same period in 2021. This increase was primarily due to revenue recognized from the GSK Agreement.

R&D Expenses. Total research and development expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2022, were $53.0 million, compared to $45.7 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2021. The increase in R&D expenses was mainly driven by increased personnel-related expenses, as well as increased spending to support advancement of several clinical and preclinical programs.

G&A Expenses. Total general and administrative expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2022, were $15.6 million, compared to $11.0 million for the same period in 2021 was primarily due to an increase in personnel-related expenses and increase in legal expenses from the arbitration award in 2021 that reduced expenses.

Net Loss. For the quarter ended March 31, 2022, Alector reported a net loss of $44.6 million, or $0.54 per share, compared to a net loss of $52.2 million, or $0.66 per share, for the same period in 2021.

Cash Position. Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities were $868.6 million as of March 31, 2022. Management expects that this will be sufficient to fund current operations into mid-2024.