On August 26, 2024 RedHill Biopharma Ltd. (Nasdaq: RDHL) ("RedHill" or the "Company"), a specialty biopharmaceutical company, reported that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan-drug designation to opaganib for treatment of neuroblastoma, a type of childhood cancer that develops from immature nerve cells and accounts for 15% of all pediatric cancer-related deaths (Press release, RedHill Biopharma, AUG 26, 2024, View Source [SID1234646100]).
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Orphan Drug designation provides for a seven-year marketing exclusivity period should opaganib be approved in neuroblastoma and may confer additional benefits such as accelerated development and review times, potential grant funding and possible tax credits.
"RedHill is proud to have received a second orphan-drug designation for opaganib in oncology, following its previous designation for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA, also known as bile duct cancer). This designation for neuroblastoma – the most common infancy malignancy and for which new options are urgently needed – adds to opaganib’s potential as a novel oncological agent," said Dr. Mark Levitt, Chief Scientific Officer at RedHill. "Opaganib has broad oncology potential with promising preliminary clinical data in solid tumor cancers such as prostate cancer and CCA, and data from a range of U.S. government supported and Apogee conducted preclinical studies in various indications, including radioprotection, and also in combination with RedHill’s RHB-107. We also see such utility extending to the potential for opaganib to have a sensitizing effect in hormone receptor pathway inhibition therapy, which the Company expects to test in a planned externally funded Phase 2 RedHill Biopharma Ltd. (Nasdaq: RDHL) ("RedHill" or the "Company"), a specialty biopharmaceutical company, reported that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan-drug designation to opaganib for treatment of neuroblastoma, a type of childhood cancer that develops from immature nerve cells and accounts for 15% of all pediatric cancer-related deaths.
Orphan Drug designation provides for a seven-year marketing exclusivity period should opaganib be approved in neuroblastoma and may confer additional benefits such as accelerated development and review times, potential grant funding and possible tax credits.
"RedHill is proud to have received a second orphan-drug designation for opaganib in oncology, following its previous designation for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA, also known as bile duct cancer). This designation for neuroblastoma – the most common infancy malignancy and for which new options are urgently needed – adds to opaganib’s potential as a novel oncological agent," said Dr. Mark Levitt, Chief Scientific Officer at RedHill. "Opaganib has broad oncology potential with promising preliminary clinical data in solid tumor cancers such as prostate cancer and CCA, and data from a range of U.S. government supported and Apogee conducted preclinical studies in various indications, including radioprotection, and also in combination with RedHill’s RHB-107. We also see such utility extending to the potential for opaganib to have a sensitizing effect in hormone receptor pathway inhibition therapy, which the Company expects to test in a planned externally funded Phase 2 study."
Neuroblastoma usually affects children aged five or younger but does also occur in older children. In the United States, approximately 650 new cases are diagnosed each year, accounting for around 10% of all childhood cancer cases. Treatment typically involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and sometimes targeted therapy or immunotherapy. New options are urgently needed.
The neuroblastoma market is expected to reach almost $1.5 billion before the middle of the next decade.
Opaganib is in development for multiple oncology, viral, inflammatory and diabetes and obesity-related indications, including COVID-19, Ebola, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and radio/chemical protection.
About Neuroblastoma
Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer most commonly affecting babies and young children. It is rare but is the most common infancy malignancy with a median age of diagnosis of 17 months. In the U.S. it accounts for up to around 10% of all childhood cancer cases. It affects around 11 to 13 kids per million children aged younger than 15 years old – with incidence rising to 65 per million in babies under one year old, equating to approximately 650 new cases each year.
Neuroblastoma originates from nerve cells called neuroblasts, which are found in the adrenal glands (located above the kidneys) and in nerve tissue along the spine, chest, abdomen, or pelvis. The exact cause of neuroblastoma is not well understood, but genetic mutations and abnormalities are known to play a role. Some cases may be linked to genetic syndromes or family history, although most occur sporadically without a clear inherited pattern.
The outlook for children with neuroblastoma can vary widely. Factors affecting prognosis include the stage of the disease at diagnosis, the age of the child, and specific biological characteristics of the tumor. Neuroblastoma is known for its ability to sometimes regress spontaneously in very young children, but it can also be aggressive and challenging to treat, accounting for 15% of pediatric cancer-related deaths.
About Opaganib (ABC294640)
Opaganib, a proprietary investigational host-directed and potentially broad-acting drug, is a first-in-class, orally administered sphingosine kinase-2 (SPHK2) selective inhibitor with anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activity, targeting multiple potential diseases, including obesity-related syndromes, prostate cancer and cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer), gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS), Sulfur Mustard exposure, COVID-19, Ebola and other viruses as part of pandemic preparedness.
Opaganib’s host-directed action is thought to work through the inhibition of multiple pathways, the induction of autophagy and apoptosis, and disruption of viral replication, through simultaneous inhibition of three sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes in human cells (SPHK2, DES1 and GCS).
Opaganib has been selected for evaluation by two U.S. government countermeasures programs for Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) and Sulfur Mustard exposure, both funded by the NIH: The Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), led by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the HHS National Institutes of Health, for the nuclear medical countermeasures (MCM) product development pipeline selected opaganib for development as a potential treatment for Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS); and the Chemical Medical Countermeasures (Chem MCM) Program and the Chemical Countermeasures Research Program (CCRP), managed respectively by the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR) / Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) and NIH/NIAID selected opaganib for evaluation as a potential medical countermeasure (MCM) against Sulfur Mustard exposure.
Opaganib has demonstrated antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, multiple variants, and several other viruses, such as Influenza A and Ebola. Opaganib delivered a statistically significant increase in survival time when given at 150 mg/kg twice a day (BID) in a United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) in vivo Ebola virus study, making it the first host-directed molecule to show activity in Ebola virus disease. Opaganib also recently demonstrated a distinct synergistic effect when combined individually with remdesivir (Veklury, Gilead Sciences Inc.), significantly improving potency while maintaining cell viability, in a U.S. Army-funded and conducted in vitro Ebola virus study.
Being host-targeted, and based on data accumulated to date, opaganib is expected to maintain effect against emerging viral variants. In prespecified analyses of Phase 2/3 clinical data in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19, oral opaganib demonstrated improved viral RNA clearance, faster time to recovery and significant mortality reduction in key patient subpopulations versus placebo on top of standard of care. Opaganib has demonstrated its safety and tolerability profile in more than 470 people in multiple clinical studies and expanded access use. Data from the opaganib global Phase 2/3 study was published in medRxiv.
Opaganib has received Orphan Drug designation from the FDA for the treatment of neuroblastoma and cholangiocarcinoma and has undergone studies in advanced cholangiocarcinoma (Phase 2a) and prostate cancer. Opaganib also has a Phase 1 chemoradiotherapy study protocol ready for FDA-IND submission.
Opaganib has also shown positive preclinical results in renal fibrosis, and has the potential to target multiple oncology, radioprotection, viral, inflammatory, and gastrointestinal indications.