On June 4, 2024 MAIA Biotechnology, Inc., (NYSE American: MAIA) ("MAIA", the "Company"), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing targeted immunotherapies for cancer, reported new efficacy data from its Phase 2 THIO-101 clinical trial evaluating THIO sequenced with the immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) cemiplimab (Libtayo) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who failed 2 or more standard-of-care therapy regimens (Press release, MAIA Biotechnology, JUN 4, 2024, View Source [SID1234644108]). Updated results show a favorable overall response rate (ORR) of 38% and a disease control rate (DCR) of 85% from THIO + CPI in third-line treatment. The new data was presented in a poster session at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) 2024 Annual Meeting on June 3, 2024.
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The primary objectives of THIO-101 Phase 2 trial are to examine the safety and tolerability of THIO as an anticancer drug and as an immune system primer, and to examine the clinical efficacy of THIO in the form of ORR. At the time of the most recent data cut-off (April 30, 2024), all evaluable patients had completed ≥1 post-baseline assessment.
Results from third-line treatment:
Disease control rate (DCR) was 85% for THIO vs. standard of care DCR of 25–35% for chemotherapy1
65% of patients crossed the 5.8-month overall survival (OS) threshold2
85% of patients crossed the 2.5-month progression-free survival (PFS) threshold3-4
Median survival follow-up time is currently 9.1 months (n=20)
Results from third-line treatment with THIO 180mg (optimal dose selection)
Median PFS of 5.5 months (24.1 weeks)
78% OS rate at 6 months
38% ORR vs. standard of care 6–10% for chemotherapy2
75% of patients crossed the 5.8-month OS threshold2
88% of patients crossed the 2.5-month PFS threshold3-4
Median survival follow-up time is currently 9.1 months (n=8)
1 Matsumoto H, et al. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021;10:2278–89.
2 Girard N, et al. J Thorac Onc 2009;12:1544-1549.
3 Shepherd F, et al. N Engl J Med 2005;353:123-132.
4 Fossella F, et al. J Clin Oncol 2000;18(12):2354-62.
"All exceptional measures of efficacy in our trial to date have exceeded our own expectations and outperformed standard of care treatments," said Vlad Vitoc, M.D., MAIA’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. "The data presented at ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) advances THIO’s excellent clinical profile as a strong, safe, and highly effective alternative for patients who progressed following chemotherapy and other available treatments. We eagerly anticipate full efficacy data from THIO-101 in the second half of this year."
To date, treatment with THIO + cemiplimab has been generally well tolerated in a heavily pre-treated patient population. Full enrollment in THIO-101 was completed on February 19, 2024, earlier than expected as per trial design. The Company expects that THIO-101 will be the first completed clinical study of a telomere targeting agent in the field of cancer drug discovery and treatment.
The poster and updated Company presentations can be accessed on the company’s website.
About THIO
THIO (6-thio-dG or 6-thio-2’-deoxyguanosine) is a first-in-class investigational telomere-targeting agent currently in clinical development to evaluate its activity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Telomeres, along with the enzyme telomerase, play a fundamental role in the survival of cancer cells and their resistance to current therapies. The modified nucleotide 6-thio-2’-deoxyguanosine (THIO) induces telomerase-dependent telomeric DNA modification, DNA damage responses, and selective cancer cell death. THIO-damaged telomeric fragments accumulate in cytosolic micronuclei and activates both innate (cGAS/STING) and adaptive (T-cell) immune responses. The sequential treatment with THIO followed by PD-(L)1 inhibitors resulted in profound and persistent tumor regression in advanced, in vivo cancer models by induction of cancer type–specific immune memory. THIO is presently developed as a second or later line of treatment for NSCLC for patients that have progressed beyond the standard-of-care regimen of existing checkpoint inhibitors.
About THIO-101, a Phase 2 Clinical Trial
THIO-101 is a multicenter, open-label, dose finding Phase 2 clinical trial. It is the first trial designed to evaluate THIO’s anti-tumor activity when followed by PD-(L)1 inhibition. The trial is testing the hypothesis that low doses of THIO administered prior to cemiplimab (Libtayo) will enhance and prolong immune response in patients with advanced NSCLC who previously did not respond or developed resistance and progressed after first-line treatment regimen containing another checkpoint inhibitor. The trial design has two primary objectives: (1) to evaluate the safety and tolerability of THIO administered as an anticancer compound and a priming immune activator (2) to assess the clinical efficacy of THIO using Overall Response Rate (ORR) as the primary clinical endpoint. Treatment with cemiplimab (Libtayo) followed by THIO has been generally well-tolerated to date in a heavily pre-treated population. For more information on this Phase II trial, please visit ClinicalTrials.gov using the identifier NCT05208944.