Everest Medicines’ Licensing Partner Gilead Sciences Announces Positive Results from Phase 3 TROPiCS-02 Study of Trodelvy® in Heavily Pre-treated HR+/HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients

On June 4, 2022 Everest Medicines (HKEX 1952.HK) announces today that its licensing partner, Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Nasdaq: GILD), reported positive results from the primary analysis of the Phase 3 TROPiCS-02 study of Trodelvy (sacituzumab govitecan) versus physicians’ choice of chemotherapy (TPC) in heavily pre-treated HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients who received prior endocrine therapy, CDK4/6 inhibitors and two to four lines of chemotherapy (Press release, Everest Medicines, JUN 4, 2022, View Source;metastatic-breast-cancer-patients-301561342.html [SID1234615598]).

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The study met its primary endpoint of progression-free survival (PFS) with a statistically significant and clinically meaningful 34% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death (median PFS 5.5 vs. 4 months; HR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.53-0.83; P<0.0003). The first interim analysis of the key secondary endpoint of overall survival (OS) demonstrated a trend in improvement. These data are immature, and patients will be followed for subsequent OS analysis. These findings will be featured in an oral session (Abstract #LBA1001) during the 2022 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting.

The study demonstrated that at the one-year mark, three times as many patients were progression-free when treated with Trodelvy compared to those who received TPC (21% versus 7%). Improvements in PFS with Trodelvy were also consistent across key patient subgroups, including patients who had previously received three or more chemotherapy regimens for metastatic disease (HR: 0.70; CI: 0.52-0.95), patients with visceral metastases (HR: 0.66; CI: 0.53-0.83), and the elderly (≥65 years of age; HR: 0.59; CI: 0.38-0.93).

"For patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer, resistance to endocrine therapy is inevitable in almost all cases. The standard of care is then limited to sequential single agent chemotherapy, with declining response rates, disease control and quality of life," said Dr. Hope Rugo, Professor of Medicine and Director, Breast Oncology and Clinical Trials Education at the University of California San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, U.S. "In TROPiCS-02, we enrolled heavily pre-treated patients with metastatic breast cancer who had disease progression following multiple lines of chemotherapy. To observe a clinically meaningful reduction in the risk of disease progression or death in these patients with limited treatment options is remarkable. Sacituzumab govitecan will be an important potential future treatment option for these patients."

The safety profile for Trodelvy was consistent with prior studies, with no new safety concerns identified in this patient population. The most frequent Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse reactions for Trodelvy compared to TPC were neutropenia (51% versus 38%), diarrhea (9% versus 1%), leukopenia (9% versus 5%), anemia (6% versus 3%), fatigue (6% versus 2%) and febrile neutropenia (5% versus 4%).

Everest Medicines is conducting a Phase 3 registrational Asian study EVER-132-002 evaluating Trodelvy versus physicians’ choice of chemotherapy in people with HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer, which is enrolling patients in China mainland, Taiwan and South Korea.

"Data from our partner’s Phase 3 TROPiCS-02 Study further demonstrate Trodelvy’s potential to benefit a larger portion of breast cancer patients," said Yang Shi, Chief Medical Officer for Oncology/Immunology at Everest Medicines. "We look forward to the results from our Asia clinical study."

About the TROPiCS-02 Study
The TROPiCS-02 study is a global, multicenter, open-label, Phase 3 study, randomized 1:1 to evaluate Trodelvy versus physician’s choice of chemotherapy (eribulin, capecitabine, gemcitabine, or vinorelbine) in 543 patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer who were previously treated with endocrine therapy, CDK4/6 inhibitors and two to four lines of chemotherapy. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) as assessed by blinded independent central review for participants treated with Trodelvy compared to those treated with chemotherapy. Secondary endpoints include overall survival, duration of response, clinical benefit rate and overall response rate as well as assessment of safety and tolerability and quality of life measures. In the study, HER2 negativity was defined per American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) criteria as immunohistochemistry (IHC) score of 0, IHC 1+ or IHC 2+ with a negative in-situ hybridization (ISH) test. More information about TROPiCS-02 is available at View Source

About HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer
Hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer is the most common type of breast cancer and accounts for approximately 70% of all new cases, or nearly 400,000 diagnoses worldwide each year. Almost one in three cases of early-stage breast cancer eventually become metastatic, and among patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic disease, the five-year relative survival rate is 30%. As patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer become resistant to endocrine-based therapy, their primary treatment option is limited to single-agent chemotherapy. For patients treated with single-agent chemotherapy, the prognosis is poor.

About Trodelvy
Trodelvy (sacituzumab govitecan-hziy) is a first-in-class Trop-2 directed antibody-drug conjugate. Trop-2 is a cell surface antigen highly expressed in multiple tumor types, including in more than 90% of breast and bladder cancers. Trodelvy is intentionally designed with a proprietary hydrolyzable linker attached to SN-38, a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. This unique combination delivers potent activity to both Trop-2 expressing cells and the microenvironment.

Trodelvy is approved in more than 35 countries, with multiple additional regulatory reviews underway worldwide, for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who have received two or more prior systemic therapies, at least one of them for metastatic disease. Trodelvy is also approved in the U.S. under the accelerated approval pathway for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (UC) who have previously received a platinum-containing chemotherapy and either programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor.

Trodelvy is also being developed for potential investigational use in other TNBC and metastatic UC populations, as well as a range of tumor types where Trop-2 is highly expressed, including hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) metastatic breast cancer, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC), head and neck cancer, and endometrial cancer.

Under a licensing agreement with Gilead Sciences, Inc., Everest Medicines has exclusive rights to develop, register, and commercialize Trodelvy for all cancer indications in Greater China, South Korea, and certain Southeast Asian countries.

The TRODELVY trademark is used under license from Gilead Sciences, Inc.

Longer-term Data from CARTITUDE-1 Study Demonstrate Continued Deep and Durable Responses to CARVYKTI™ (ciltacabtagene autoleucel) in Heavily Pretreated Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

On June 4, 2022 The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson reported updated results from the Phase 1b/2 CARTITUDE-1 study evaluating the efficacy and safety of CARVYKTI (ciltacabtagene autoleucel; cilta-cel), a B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy (Press release, Johnson & Johnson, JUN 4, 2022, View Source [SID1234615597]). The study included patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who had received >3 lines of therapy including a proteasome inhibitor (PI), an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody and an immunomodulatory agent (IMiD) or were double refractory to an IMiD and PI and who had received a PI, an IMiD and an anti-CD38 as part of previous therapy. A median overall survival (OS) of 9.3 months has been reported in refractory patients who were triple-class exposed.1 These data, featured as a poster presentation at the 2022 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting (Abstract #8028), were simultaneously published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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The poster results showed that at a median follow-up of 28 months, in 97 patients treated with CARVYKTI, the overall response rate (ORR) remained consistent at 98 percent (95 percent Confidence Interval [CI], 92.7 to 99.7), with 83 percent (95 percent CI, 73.4 to 89.4) of patients treated with CARVYKTI achieving a stringent complete response (sCR).2 The responses were durable, and median OS and progression free survival (PFS) were not reached. PFS and OS rates at 28 months follow-up were 55 percent (95 percent CI, 44.0 to 64.6) and 70 percent (95 percent CI, 60.1 to 78.6), respectively.2

Sixty-one patients had samples evaluable for minimal residual disease (MRD) status, 92 percent of whom achieved MRD negativity at the 10-5 threshold, which was sustained for ≥6 months in 68 percent (34/50 with sufficient follow-up) and ≥12 months in 55 percent (24/44 with sufficient follow-up).2 In those same patients, two-year PFS rates were 73 percent (95 percent CI, 52.1 to 85.9) and 79 percent (95 percent CI, 51.5 to 91.8), respectively, and two-year OS rates were 94 percent (95 percent CI, 76.1 to 98.3) and 91 percent (95 percent CI, 67.7 to 97.6), respectively.2 Both the two-year PFS and OS rates were favorable compared to the overall study population.2

"The latest results from the CARTITUDE-1 study further reinforce the potential of cilta-cel as an important treatment option for patients with a high unmet need who otherwise face a poor prognosis," said Saad Z. Usmani, M.D., M.B.A., F.A.C.P., Chief of the Myeloma Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and study investigator.‡ "The response rates observed in the two-year follow-up, with median PFS not reached and the majority of patients achieving MRD negativity, demonstrate that cilta-cel provides the potential for long-term disease control and survival in heavily pretreated patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma."

The study included patients (n=97) who received a median of six prior treatment regimens (range, 3-18).2 All patients were triple-class [IMiD, PI and anti-CD38 antibody] exposed, while 42 percent of patients were penta-drug refractory and 99 percent of patients were refractory to the last line of therapy.2

No new safety signals were observed with longer follow-up.2 The most common hematologic adverse events (AEs) observed were neutropenia (96 percent); anemia (81 percent); thrombocytopenia (79 percent); leukopenia (62 percent); and lymphopenia (54 percent).3 Since the primary 12-month publication, no new events or changes in incidence rate, time to onset, or duration of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurred, and one new case of treatment-related Parkinsonism, or movement and neurocognitive treatment (MNT) emergent adverse event occurred.2

CARVYKTI Results in Earlier Lines of Treatment
Findings from Cohort B (n=19) of the Phase 2 CARTITUDE-2 (NCT04133636) study, evaluating the safety and efficacy of cilta-cel in patients with RRMM who received one prior line of therapy including a PI and IMiD and had disease progression within 12 months of treatment with autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) or within 12 months of the start of antimyeloma therapy for patients who have not had ASCT, showed patients treated with cilta-cel experienced early and deep responses at a median follow-up of 13-months.4 In 19 patients treated in this cohort, the ORR was 100 percent (95 percent CI, 82.4 to 100), with 90 percent (95 percent CI, 66.9 to 98.7) of patients achieving a CR or better and 95 percent (95 percent CI, 74.0 to 99.9) of patients achieving a very good partial response (VGPR) or better.4 Median time to first response was 1 month (range, 0.9-9.7).4 The 12-month PFS rate was 90 percent.4 The overall safety profile, including incidence of CRS and most common hematologic AEs, was consistent with observations in the CARTITUDE-1 study.4 These data were presented for the first time at ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) (Abstract #8029) and will be featured as an oral presentation at the European Hematology Association (EHA) (Free EHA Whitepaper) 2022 Congress (Abstract #S185).4,5

Updated results from Cohort A (n=20) of the CARTITUDE-2 study evaluating cilta–cel safety and efficacy in multiple myeloma patients who are lenalidomide refractory with 1–3 prior lines of treatment were also presented as a poster presentation at ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) 2022 (Abstract #8020).6

"We are pleased to see the clinical benefit of CARVYKTI as demonstrated in these results from CARTITUDE-1 that show deep and durable responses were maintained over time," said Sen Zhuang M.D., Ph.D., Vice President, Clinical Research and Development, Janssen Research & Development, LLC. "As part of our dedication to advance the science of multiple myeloma, we remain committed to further investigating the potential of CARVYKTI in earlier lines of treatment, including in the CARTITUDE-2 study as part of the CARVYKTI clinical development program."

CARVYKTI received approval by the U.S. FDA in February 2022 for the treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma after four or more prior lines of therapy, including a proteasome inhibitor, an immunomodulatory agent, and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody. CARVYKTI is not currently approved in any other treatment setting.

On May 25, 2022, CARVYKTI was granted conditional marketing authorization by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of adults with RRMM who have received at least three prior therapies, including a PI, an IMiD and an anti-CD38 antibody, and have demonstrated disease progression on the last therapy.

About CARVYKTI (ciltacabtagene autoleucel)
CARVYKTI is a BCMA-directed, genetically modified autologous T-cell immunotherapy, which involves reprogramming a patient’s own T cells with a transgene encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that identifies and eliminates cells that express BCMA. BCMA is primarily expressed on the surface of malignant multiple myeloma B-lineage cells, as well as late-stage B cells and plasma cells. The CARVYKTI CAR protein features two BCMA-targeting single domain antibodies designed to confer high avidity against human BCMA. Upon binding to BCMA-expressing cells, the CAR promotes T-cell activation, expansion, and elimination of target cells.7

In December 2017, Janssen Biotech, Inc. entered into an exclusive worldwide license and collaboration agreement with Legend Biotech USA, Inc. to develop and commercialize CARVYKTI.

For more information, visit www.CARVYKTI.com.

About the CARTITUDE-1 Study
CARTITUDE-1 (NCT03548207) is an ongoing Phase 1b/2, open-label, multi-center study evaluating ciltacabtagene autoleucel for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, who previously received a proteasome inhibitor (PI), an immunomodulatory agent (IMiD) and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, and who had disease progression on or after the last regimen. Patients in the study had received a median of six prior treatment regimens (range, 3-18). Of the 97 patients enrolled in the trial, 99 percent were refractory to the last line of treatment and 88 percent were triple-class refractory, meaning their cancer did not respond to, or had progressed on, an IMiD, a PI and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody.2

About the CARTITUDE-2 Study
CARTITUDE-2 (NCT04133636) is an ongoing, multi-cohort Phase 2 study evaluating the safety and efficacy of cilta-cel in patients with multiple myeloma. Cohort B evaluates patients who received one line of prior therapy including a PI and an IMiD, and had disease progression per IMWG criteria within 12 months after treatment with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) or from the start of anti-myeloma therapy for participants who have not had an ASCT. Cohort A evaluates patients who had progressive multiple myeloma after 1–3 prior lines of therapy including a PI and an IMiD, were lenalidomide refractory, and had no prior exposure to BCMA-targeting agents.

About Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma is an incurable blood cancer that affects some white blood cells called plasma cells, which are found in the bone marrow.8 When damaged, these plasma cells rapidly spread and replace normal cells in the bone marrow with tumors. In 2020, worldwide an estimated 176,000 people were diagnosed with multiple myeloma.9 In 2022, it is estimated that more than 34,000 people will be diagnosed with multiple myeloma, and more than 12,000 people will die from the disease in the U.S.10 While some people diagnosed with multiple myeloma initially have no symptoms, most patients are diagnosed due to symptoms that can include bone fracture or pain, low red blood cell counts, tiredness, high calcium levels, kidney problems or infections.5

CARVYKTI Important Safety Information

INDICATIONS AND USAGE
CARVYKTI (ciltacabtagene autoleucel) is a B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed genetically modified autologous T cell immunotherapy indicated for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, after four or more prior lines of therapy, including a proteasome inhibitor, an immunomodulatory agent, and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody.

WARNING: CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME, NEUROLOGIC TOXICITIES, HLH/MAS, and PROLONGED and RECURRENT CYTOPENIA

Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS), including fatal or life-threatening reactions, occurred in patients following treatment with CARVYKTI. Do not administer CARVYKTI to patients with active infection or inflammatory disorders. Treat severe or life-threatening CRS with tocilizumab or tocilizumab and corticosteroids.

Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS), which may be fatal or life-threatening, occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI, including before CRS onset, concurrently with CRS, after CRS resolution, or in the absence of CRS. Monitor for neurologic events after treatment with CARVYKTI. Provide supportive care and/or corticosteroids as needed.

Parkinsonism and Guillain-Barré syndrome and their associated complications resulting in fatal or life-threatening reactions have occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI.

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis/Macrophage Activation Syndrome (HLH/MAS), including fatal and life-threatening reactions, occurred in patients following treatment with CARVYKTI. HLH/MAS can occur with CRS or neurologic toxicities.

Prolonged and/or recurrent cytopenias with bleeding and infection and requirement for stem cell transplantation for hematopoietic recovery occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI.

CARVYKTI is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) called the CARVYKTI REMS Program.

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) including fatal or life-threatening reactions, occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI in 95% (92/97) of patients receiving ciltacabtagene autoleucel. Grade 3 or higher CRS (2019 ASTCT grade 1) occurred in 5% (5/97) of patients, with Grade 5 CRS reported in 1 patient. The median time to onset of CRS was 7 days (range: 1-12 days). The most common manifestations of CRS included pyrexia (100%), hypotension (43%), increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (22%), chills (15%), increased alanine aminotransferase (14%) and sinus tachycardia (11%). Grade 3 or higher events associated with CRS included increased AST and ALT, hyperbilirubinemia, hypotension, pyrexia, hypoxia, respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, disseminated intravascular coagulation, HLH/MAS, angina pectoris, supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia, malaise, myalgias, increased C-reactive protein, ferritin, blood alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase.

Identify CRS based on clinical presentation. Evaluate for and treat other causes of fever, hypoxia, and hypotension. CRS has been reported to be associated with findings of HLH/MAS, and the physiology of the syndromes may overlap. HLH/MAS is a potentially life-threatening condition. In patients with progressive symptoms of CRS or refractory CRS despite treatment, evaluate for evidence of HLH/MAS.

Sixty-nine of 97 (71%) patients received tocilizumab and/or a corticosteroid for CRS after infusion of ciltacabtagene autoleucel. Forty-four (45%) patients received only tocilizumab, of whom 33 (34%) received a single dose and 11 (11%) received more than one dose; 24 patients (25%) received tocilizumab and a corticosteroid, and one patient (1%) received only corticosteroids. Ensure that a minimum of two doses of tocilizumab are available prior to infusion of CARVYKTI.

Monitor patients at least daily for 10 days following CARVYKTI infusion at a REMS-certified healthcare facility for signs and symptoms of CRS. Monitor patients for signs or symptoms of CRS for at least 4 weeks after infusion. At the first sign of CRS, immediately institute treatment with supportive care, tocilizumab, or tocilizumab and corticosteroids.

Counsel patients to seek immediate medical attention should signs or symptoms of CRS occur at any time.

Neurologic toxicities, which may be severe, life-threatening or fatal, occurred following treatment with CARVYKTI. Neurologic toxicities included ICANS, neurologic toxicity with signs and symptoms of parkinsonism, Guillain-Barré Syndrome, peripheral neuropathies, and cranial nerve palsies. Counsel patients on the signs and symptoms of these neurologic toxicities, and on the delayed nature of onset of some of these toxicities. Instruct patients to seek immediate medical attention for further assessment and management if signs or symptoms of any of these neurologic toxicities occur at any time.

Overall, one or more subtypes of neurologic toxicity described below occurred following ciltacabtagene autoleucel in 26% (25/97) of patients, of which 11% (11/97) of patients experienced Grade 3 or higher events. These subtypes of neurologic toxicities were also observed in two ongoing studies.

Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS): ICANS occurred in 23% (22/97) of patients receiving ciltacabtagene autoleucel including Grade 3 or 4 events in 3% (3/97) and Grade 5 (fatal) events in 2% (2/97). The median time to onset of ICANS was 8 days (range 1-28 days). All 22 patients with ICANS had CRS. The most frequent (≥5%) manifestation of ICANS included encephalopathy (23%), aphasia (8%) and headache (6%).

Monitor patients at least daily for 10 days following CARVYKTI infusion at the REMS-certified healthcare facility for signs and symptoms of ICANS. Rule out other causes of ICANS symptoms. Monitor patients for signs or symptoms of ICANS for at least 4 weeks after infusion and treat promptly. Neurologic toxicity should be managed with supportive care and/or corticosteroids as needed.

Parkinsonism: Of the 25 patients in the CARTITUDE-1 study experiencing any neurotoxicity, five male patients had neurologic toxicity with several signs and symptoms of parkinsonism, distinct from immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Neurologic toxicity with parkinsonism has been reported in other ongoing trials of ciltacabtagene autoleucel. Patients had parkinsonian and non-parkinsonian symptoms that included tremor, bradykinesia, involuntary movements, stereotypy, loss of spontaneous movements, masked facies, apathy, flat affect, fatigue, rigidity, psychomotor retardation, micrographia, dysgraphia, apraxia, lethargy, confusion, somnolence, loss of consciousness, delayed reflexes, hyperreflexia, memory loss, difficulty swallowing, bowel incontinence, falls, stooped posture, shuffling gait, muscle weakness and wasting, motor dysfunction, motor and sensory loss, akinetic mutism, and frontal lobe release signs. The median onset of parkinsonism in the 5 patients in CARTITUDE-1 was 43 days (range 15-108) from infusion of ciltacabtagene autoleucel.

Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of parkinsonism that may be delayed in onset and managed with supportive care measures. There is limited efficacy information with medications used for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, for the improvement or resolution of parkinsonism symptoms following CARVYKTI treatment.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A fatal outcome following Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) has occurred in another ongoing study of ciltacabtagene autoleucel despite treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins. Symptoms reported include those consistent with Miller- Fisher variant of GBS, encephalopathy, motor weakness, speech disturbances and polyradiculoneuritis.

Monitor for GBS. Evaluate patients presenting with peripheral neuropathy for GBS. Consider treatment of GBS with supportive care measures and in conjunction with immunoglobulins and plasma exchange, depending on severity of GBS.

Peripheral Neuropathy: Six patients in CARTITUDE-1 developed peripheral neuropathy. These neuropathies presented as sensory, motor or sensorimotor neuropathies. Median time of onset of symptoms was 62 days (range 4-136 days), median duration of peripheral neuropathies was 256 days (range 2-465 days) including those with ongoing neuropathy. Patients who experienced peripheral neuropathy also experienced cranial nerve palsies or GBS in other ongoing trials of ciltacabtagene autoleucel.

Cranial Nerve Palsies: Three patients (3.1%) experienced cranial nerve palsies in CARTITUDE-1. All three patients had 7th cranial nerve palsy; one patient had 5th cranial nerve palsy as well. Median time to onset was 26 days (range 21-101 days) following infusion of ciltacabtagene autoleucel. Occurrence of 3rd and 6th cranial nerve palsy, bilateral 7th cranial nerve palsy, worsening of cranial nerve palsy after improvement, and occurrence of peripheral neuropathy in patients with cranial nerve palsy have also been reported in ongoing trials of ciltacabtagene autoleucel. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of cranial nerve palsies. Consider management with systemic corticosteroids, depending on the severity and progression of signs and symptoms.

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)/Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS): Fatal HLH occurred in one patient (1%), 99 days after ciltacabtagene autoleucel. The HLH event was preceded by prolonged CRS lasting 97 days. The manifestations of HLH/MAS include hypotension, hypoxia with diffuse alveolar damage, coagulopathy, cytopenia, and multi-organ dysfunction, including renal dysfunction. HLH is a life-threatening condition with a high mortality rate if not recognized and treated early. Treatment of HLH/MAS should be administered per institutional standards.

CARVYKTI REMS: Because of the risk of CRS and neurologic toxicities, CARVYKTI is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) called the CARVYKTI REMS.

Further information is available at www.CARVYKTIrems.com or 1-844-672-0067.

Prolonged and Recurrent Cytopenias: Patients may exhibit prolonged and recurrent cytopenias following lymphodepleting chemotherapy and CARVYKTI infusion. One patient underwent autologous stem cell therapy for hematopoietic reconstitution due to prolonged thrombocytopenia.

In CARTITUDE-1, 30% (29/97) of patients experienced prolonged Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and 41% (40/97) of patients experienced prolonged Grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia that had not resolved by Day 30 following ciltacabtagene autoleucel infusion.

Recurrent Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and anemia were seen in 63% (61/97), 18% (17/97), 60% (58/97), and 37% (36/97) after recovery from initial Grade 3 or 4 cytopenia following infusion. After Day 60 following ciltacabtagene autoleucel infusion, 31%, 12% and 6% of patients had a recurrence of Grade 3 or higher lymphopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, respectively, after initial recovery of their Grade 3 or 4 cytopenia. Eighty-seven percent (84/97) of patients had one, two, or three or more recurrences of Grade 3 or 4 cytopenias after initial recovery of Grade 3 or 4 cytopenia. Six and 11 patients had Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, respectively, at the time of death.

Monitor blood counts prior to and after CARVYKTI infusion. Manage cytopenias with growth factors and blood product transfusion support according to local institutional guidelines.

Infections: CARVYKTI should not be administered to patients with active infection or inflammatory disorders. Severe, life-threatening or fatal infections occurred in patients after CARVYKTI infusion.

Infections (all grades) occurred in 57 (59%) patients. Grade 3 or 4 infections occurred in 23% (22/97) of patients; Grade 3 or 4 infections with an unspecified pathogen occurred in 17%, viral infections in 7%, bacterial infections in 1%, and fungal infections in 1% of patients. Overall, four patients had Grade 5 infections: lung abscess (n=1), sepsis (n=2) and pneumonia (n=1).

Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of infection before and after CARVYKTI infusion and treat patients appropriately. Administer prophylactic, pre-emptive and/or therapeutic antimicrobials according to the standard institutional guidelines. Febrile neutropenia was observed in 10% of patients after ciltacabtagene autoleucel infusion, and may be concurrent with CRS. In the event of febrile neutropenia, evaluate for infection and manage with broad-spectrum antibiotics, fluids and other supportive care, as medically indicated.
Viral Reactivation: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation, in some cases resulting in fulminant hepatitis, hepatic failure and death, can occur in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. Perform screening for Cytomegalovirus (CMV), HBV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or any other infectious agents if clinically indicated in accordance with clinical guidelines before
collection of cells for manufacturing. Consider antiviral therapy to prevent viral reactivation per local institutional guidelines/clinical practice.

Hypogammaglobulinemia was reported as an adverse event in 12% (12/97) of patients; laboratory IgG levels fell below 500 mg/dL after infusion in 92% (89/97) of patients. Monitor immunoglobulin levels after treatment with CARVYKTI and administer IVIG for IgG <400 mg/dL. Manage per local institutional guidelines, including infection precautions and antibiotic or antiviral prophylaxis.
Use of Live Vaccines: The safety of immunization with live viral vaccines during or following CARVYKTI treatment has not been studied. Vaccination with live virus vaccines is not recommended for at least 6 weeks prior to the start of lymphodepleting chemotherapy, during CARVYKTI treatment, and until immune recovery following treatment with CARVYKTI.

Hypersensitivity Reactions have occurred in 5% (5/97) of patients following ciltacabtagene autoleucel infusion. Serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, may be due to the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in CARVYKTI. Patients should be carefully monitored for 2 hours after infusion for signs and symptoms of severe reaction. Treat promptly and manage appropriately according to the severity of the hypersensitivity reaction.

Secondary Malignancies: Patients may develop secondary malignancies. Monitor life-long for secondary malignancies. In the event that a secondary malignancy occurs, contact Janssen Biotech, Inc., at 1-800-526-7736 for reporting and to obtain instructions on collection of patient samples for testing of secondary malignancy of T cell origin.

Effects on Ability to Drive and Use Machines: Due to the potential for neurologic events, including altered mental status, seizures, neurocognitive decline, or neuropathy, patients are at risk for altered or decreased consciousness or coordination in the 8 weeks following CARVYKTI infusion. Advise patients to refrain from driving and engaging in hazardous occupations or activities, such as operating heavy or potentially dangerous machinery during this initial period, and in the event of new onset of any neurologic toxicities.

ADVERSE REACTIONS
The most common non-laboratory adverse reactions (incidence greater than 20%) are pyrexia, cytokine release syndrome, hypogammaglobulinemia, hypotension, musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, infections of unspecified pathogen, cough, chills, diarrhea, nausea, encephalopathy, decreased appetite, upper respiratory tract infection, headache, tachycardia, dizziness, dyspnea, edema, viral infections, coagulopathy, constipation, and vomiting. The most common laboratory adverse reactions (incidence greater than or equal to 50%) include thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, anemia, aminotransferase elevation, and hypoalbuminemia.

Please read full Prescribing Information including Boxed Warning for CARVYKTI.

Nucleai to Publish Pathology-based Data at ASCO 2022 for Phase 2 Research of the Most Common Type of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

On June 4, 2022 Nucleai, an AI-powered spatial biology company with a mission to transform drug development and clinical treatment decisions by unlocking the power of pathology data, reported that it will share new data at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) 2022 Annual Meeting in an online publication on an exploratory analysis of a phase 2 study to find new pathology-based predictive biomarkers for DLBCL, the most common type of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (Press release, Nucleai, JUN 4, 2022, View Source [SID1234615585]). The meeting is taking place from June 3 to June 7 at McCormick Place in Chicago.

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Up to 40% of patients with DLBCL, which accounts for 30-40% of cases, have relapsed and/or refractory (R/R) disease, despite recent improvements in response and survival with standard of care treatment. A phase 2 study evaluated the efficacy of naratuximab emtansine, an anti-CD37 ADC, in combination with rituximab, in patients with R/R DLBCL. Deep learning models were used to extract spatial features from digitized slides stained with CD37 and CD20. Their potential as a pathology-based biomarker predictive of response was evaluated.

"The data from our mutual study with Debiopharm is part of our ongoing efforts to enable the next generation of actionable insights from pathology data sets that have not been analyzed to their fullest potential but could provide significant value to pharmaceutical companies and diagnostic labs," said Avi Veidman, CEO of Nucleai. "Nucleai delivers a comprehensive solution that combines AI, big data and spatial biology to discover novel biomarkers, predict patient response with higher-quality predictive biomarkers, identify new targets, and develop the next generation of pathology-based companion diagnostics."

Nucleai is working with most of the leading pharmaceutical companies to harness spatial biology for new drug development, clinical trials, and clinical treatment decisions. Nucleai’s platform is leveraged for retrospective and prospective patient stratification analysis in clinical trials, driving improvement of the probability of success and improved patient outcomes. By harnessing AI with spatial data and other data modalities, Nucleai is enabling researchers and clinicians to make better treatment decisions for patients based on a comprehensive, holistic view of cellular locations, interactions, and the tumor microenvironment.

Nucleai’s Online Publication at ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) 2022

Title: "Predicting response to naratuximab emtansine, an anti-CD37 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), in combination with rituximab in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), by analyzing the spatial arrangement of CD37 and CD20 positive cells using deep learning"

CG Oncology Presents New Clinical Data on Two Ongoing Programs at The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2022 Annual Meeting

On June 4, 2022 CG Oncology, Inc., a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on developing oncolytic immunotherapies for patients with advanced cancer, reported interim data on two ongoing clinical studies will be presented at The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) 2022 Annual Meeting (Press release, CG Oncology, JUN 4, 2022, View Source [SID1234615584]).

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The first poster presentation reports on efficacy and safety data from a global Phase 2 study (CORE1) of CG0070 in combination with Merck’s anti-PD-1 therapy KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab), for the treatment of patients with Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) unresponsive to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG).

The second poster presentation centers on a Phase 1b/2 study (CORE2) of CG0070 in combination with OPDIVO(nivolumab), as a neoadjuvant immunotherapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC) in cisplatin-ineligible patients. This investigator-initiated study led by Dr. Roger Li at Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa, Florida will summarize promising early data on safety and efficacy with the combination in this MIBC patient population.

"We’re excited to present these results at ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper), which continue to support CG0070’s promise in patients with bladder cancer unresponsive to BCG, a difficult-to-treat patient population," said Arthur Kuan, Chief Executive Officer, CG Oncology. "We hope to see continued positive results for CG0070 in combination with pembrolizumab in NMIBC patients unresponsive to BCG, and also, in future studies, show combination activity with nivolumab in MIBC patients who have limited treatment options."

"Using an oncolytic virus to first engage an immune response and then amplifying that response with immune checkpoint blockade has shown exciting results in bladder cancer," said Roger Li, MD, lead study investigator and urologic oncologist at Moffitt Cancer Center. "CG0070 may be a potential game changer to combat BCG-unresponsive bladder cancer."

Abstract ID 4597: CORE1: Phase 2, single-arm study of CG0070 combined with pembrolizumab in patients with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) unresponsive to bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)

The preliminary data for CORE1 adds to that presented at the American Urological Association (AUA) and the American Association of Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meetings earlier this year and continues to show both promising early anti-tumor activity and tolerability of CG0070 in combination with pembrolizumab for patients with BCG unresponsive NMIBC.

As of the interim analysis, based on a data cutoff on May 13, 2022, 24 patients were evaluable for efficacy with a minimum of 3 months follow up.
92% of patients evaluable for efficacy (n=22/24) have achieved complete response (CR) at the initial 3-month timepoint. Of those patients evaluable for CR at additional timepoints, 88% (n=16) have also maintained a CR through 6 months, 82% (n=11) through 9 months and 75% (n=8) at the 12-month assessment.
The combination has been generally well tolerated with the most common treatment related adverse events limited to transient grade 1-2 local genitourinary symptoms including pollakiuria, bladder spasm, dysuria, fatigue, nocturia, hematuria, chills, and immune-related adverse events including hyperglycemia and hypothyroidism consistent with the safety profiles previously established for each agent alone in previous studies.
Under a previously announced clinical collaboration with Merck (known as MSD outside the US and Canada) relating to the investigation of CG0070 in combination with pembrolizumab, the goal of CORE1, which will enroll up to 35 patients, is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CG0070 plus pembrolizumab for the treatment of NMIBC unresponsive to BCG.

More information about the study can be found at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04387461).

KEYTRUDA is a registered trademark of Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.

Abstract ID 4574: Preliminary results from phase Ib/II neoadjuvant CG0070 and nivolumab (N) for cisplatin (C)-ineligible muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC)

Thus far, a CR rate of 54% (n=7/13) has been observed with 6 pathological CR at cystectomy and 1 clinical CR in a patient who refused cystectomy. Treatment has generally been well tolerated with no patient discontinuing treatment due to treatment related toxicity.

An investigator-initiated study being conducted at Moffitt Cancer Center, the single-arm trial will enroll up to 30 patients with MIBC with no evidence of distant metastases prior to radical cystectomy. Primary endpoints of the trial are safety and pathological complete response rate.

More information about the study can be found at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04610671).

Agendia Presents Data at ASCO 2022 Pointing to New Signature ImPrint Immunotherapy Prediction and Expansion of Proprietary Genomic Tests’ Utility to Identify Patients Who Will Benefit Most from Specific Treatments

On June 4, 2022 Agendia, Inc., a commercial-stage company focused on improving outcomes for breast cancer patients worldwide by providing physicians and patients with next-generation diagnostic and information solutions to inform optimized treatment decision-making, reported it will share findings in a poster discussion debuting initial data from its ImPrint test, a 53-gene signature in development, at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) 2022 (Press release, Agendia, JUN 4, 2022, View Source [SID1234615576]).

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The poster discussion, titled The ImPrint immune signature identifies high risk early breast cancer patients who may benefit from PD1 checkpoint inhibition in I-SPY2 [Kuilman, M., et al.], draws from the neoadjuvant biomarker-rich I-SPY2 trial, which established a new benchmark for the efficacy of Phase 2 clinical trials and is widely regarded as the pioneer of the platform trial. In this study, whole transcriptome data collected by Agendia was assessed from patients who had high risk early breast cancer who received immunotherapy (IO). The goal was to migrate the I-SPY2 findings into a robust clinical-grade signature – a biomarker that had not previously existed in early stage breast cancer – to predict sensitivity to IO drugs that target PD-1/PDL-1, a cell pathway that, when overexpressed, allows many breast tumors to escape destruction by the immune system.

Importantly, results showed that in the development phase, the gene-expression biomarker ImPrint met this task and had the potential to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) to PD-1/PDL-1 checkpoint inhibitors with high sensitivity and specificity, especially in ER+ breast cancer which represents a large population of women who may benefit.

"We are incredibly encouraged by the data we are sharing with regard to the ImPrint Test, which is currently in development," said Annuska Glas, Senior Vice President Research and Development and Innovation at Agendia. "ImPrint appears very effective in identifying a subset of HR+HER2- patients who could benefit from IO. We are also interested in the signature’s ability to identify tumors with an immune active phenotype denoted by the enrichment of several immune-related pathways. This kind of information is not currently available to a broad range of patients with breast cancer, and while we are in the research use only stage, we look forward to continuing validation to ensure ImPrint is in physicians’ hands as soon as possible."

The effect of these findings on patients is potentially significant, ultimately having the potential to impact outcomes. The data shared at ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) 2022 point to the RUO ImPrint Test’s ability to find those who will benefit from a PD-1/PDL-1 treatment as initial therapy, regardless of receptor subtype, providing the information needed to define more specific treatment planning soon after diagnosis.

"There has been a substantial increase of novel IO drugs in many types of diseases, which are astoundingly effective in some cases but not a panacea for all. This had led to the urgent need for biomarkers to identify which patients may benefit from them," said Midas M. Kuilman, Research and Development, Agendia NV, Amsterdam and first author on the poster. "We see this signature as addressing an unmet need as various predictive biomarkers have been developed, but none have consistently predicted efficacy. Here, we see that ImPrint appears to predict with high sensitivity and specificity in both discovery and validation sets – it’s an incredibly promising set of data and we look forward to validating it in the I-SPY 2.2 trial."

Redefining Breast Cancer Care in Post-Neoadjuvant Settings

Another poster, presented by Agendia in partnership with investigators from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, looks at matched tumors pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy analyzed by both MammaPrint and BluePrint to report differential gene expression and pathway analyses in the tumors that may help distinguish different responses. The poster, titled Identification of transcriptional changes with MammaPrint and BluePrint in early-stage breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy [Chung, A., et al.], found a more robust transcriptional change in tumors that remain MammaPrint High Risk between pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy. While these tumors remained High Risk, they also had many changes in gene expression pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy, unlocking clues to resistance and inspiring further research.

The study also found that tumors which changed from MammaPrint High Risk to MammaPrint Low Risk post-therapy had an activated immune response that may be a biomarker for therapy response and improved outcomes based on it.

Taken together, these posters represent Agendia’s continuous dedication to producing and evolving products that lead to insights across the breast cancer care continuum, from initial diagnosis to tailored treatment guidance.

In addition, Agendia will be presenting six posters and a second poster discussion centered on its revolutionary FLEX Trial, which is accelerating impactful data generation aimed at redefining cancer care. Its patient-centric design and national network of participating sites is backed by Agendia’s infrastructure, allowing its investigator-initiated sub-studies to produce important results that have the potential to drive science forward.

Agendia will be sharing updates throughout the conference on its Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn pages.